Göttgens Irene, van Halteren Angelika D, de Vries Nienke M, Meinders Marjan J, Ben-Shlomo Yoav, Bloem Bastiaan R, Darweesh Sirwan K L, Oertelt-Prigione Sabine
Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Department of Neurology, Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Front Neurol. 2020 Sep 18;11:576121. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.576121. eCollection 2020.
The impact of sex and gender on disease incidence, progression, and provision of care has gained increasing attention in many areas of medicine. Biological factors-sex-and sociocultural and behavioral factors-gender-greatly impact on health and disease. While sex can modulate disease progression and response to therapy, gender can influence patient-provider communication, non-pharmacological disease management, and need for assistance. Sex and gender issues are especially relevant in chronic progressive diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), because affected patients require multidisciplinary care for prolonged periods of time. In this perspective paper, we draw from evidence in the field of PD and various other areas of medicine to address how sex and gender could impact PD care provision. We highlight examples for which differences have been reported and formulate research topics and considerations on how to optimize the multidisciplinary care of persons with PD.
性别对疾病的发病率、进展及医疗护理的影响在医学的许多领域已日益受到关注。生物学因素（性别）以及社会文化和行为因素（社会性别）对健康和疾病有重大影响。虽然性别可调节疾病进展及对治疗的反应，但社会性别会影响医患沟通、非药物性疾病管理及援助需求。性别问题在诸如帕金森病（PD）等慢性进行性疾病中尤为重要，因为患病患者需要长期的多学科护理。在这篇观点论文中，我们借鉴帕金森病领域及其他医学领域的证据，探讨性别如何影响帕金森病的护理提供。我们突出已报道存在差异的实例，并提出关于如何优化帕金森病患者多学科护理的研究课题及思考。
