Jankowski Tomasz, Francuz Piotr, Oleś Piotr, Chmielnicka-Kuter Elżbieta, Augustynowicz Paweł
Institute of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland1.
Adv Cogn Psychol. 2020 Sep 9;16(3):213-227. doi: 10.5709/acp-0298-4. eCollection 2020.
The current study aimed to determine relationships between oculomotor behavior and aesthetical evaluation of paintings. We hypothesized that paintings evaluated as beautiful compared to nonbeautiful would be associated with different oculomotor behavior in terms of fixation duration, viewing time, and temporal and spatial distribution of attention. To verify these hypotheses, we examined forty participants that looked at and evaluated 140 figurative paintings while their eye movements were recorded. To analyze data, we used divergence point analysis (DPA) and recurrence quantification analysis (RQA). The results of the DPA suggested that fixation durations longer than 229 ms are sensitive to the effect of aesthetical evaluation. We also found that the effect of aesthetical evaluation was significant in the time window between 2.3 s and 19.8 s of viewing a painting. The results of the RQA suggested that the participants viewed paintings evaluated as beautiful in a more structured manner compared to those evaluated as nonbeautiful, which suggests higher involvement of top-down processes while facing beautiful artwork. We discuss and refer these results to the literature on cognitive processes related to aesthetical evaluation of paintings.
当前的研究旨在确定动眼行为与绘画美学评价之间的关系。我们假设，与被评价为不美的绘画相比，被评价为美的绘画在注视持续时间、观看时间以及注意力的时空分布方面会表现出不同的动眼行为。为了验证这些假设，我们对40名参与者进行了研究，他们在观看并评价140幅具象绘画的同时，其眼动情况被记录下来。为了分析数据，我们使用了散点分析（DPA）和递归量化分析（RQA）。DPA的结果表明，超过229毫秒的注视持续时间对美学评价的影响较为敏感。我们还发现，在观看一幅绘画的2.3秒至19.8秒的时间窗口内，美学评价的影响是显著的。RQA的结果表明，与被评价为不美的绘画相比，参与者观看被评价为美的绘画时方式更具结构性，这表明在面对美的艺术品时，自上而下的过程参与度更高。我们将这些结果进行讨论并与有关绘画美学评价相关认知过程的文献进行对照。
