Akpan Victor E, Omole David O, Bassey Daniel E
Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Covenant University, P.M.B., Ota, 112233, Nigeria.
Heliyon. 2020 Oct;6(10):e05246. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05246. Epub 2020 Oct 14.
Wastewater reuse has become an integral part of Integrated Water Resources Management and thus plays a role in securing the water needs for future generations. This study aimed at determining the perceptions of Canaanland, an emerging urban community in Ogun State, Nigeria, on treated wastewater reuse for several purposes. Data were collected through questionnaires administered to the city residents (n = 244). Findings revealed that the city was aware of the economic and environmental benefits of wastewater reuse but would prefer reuse schemes that involved less human contact such as flushing toilets, electricity generation, building construction, and car wash. The least preferred option was for potable purposes. The community also revealed that they would be willing to accept wastewater reuse as long as it is endorsed by medical doctors, university professors, and experts. However, 45.5% of the respondents were from the Covenant University academic environment. Also, an assessment was carried out to ascertain the implications and opportunities for wastewater reuse in the city. Findings indicated that wastewater reuse involves several complexities and interlinkages, which revolve around political and decisional factors, economic and social factors, environmental factors, and technological factors. From the study, policy and decisional suggestions and a wastewater process flow were developed for more efficient wastewater management within developing cities. A study was carried out on eight cities from developing nations that have created a framework for wastewater management using several approaches. Also, a summary of findings reveals that if adequately researched, cheap and alternative means of wastewater treatment and reuse could be developed for electricity generation, carwash, and firefighting for developing nations. The result of this research can be used to address public anxieties regarding wastewater-reuse practices. Additionally, this study hopes to aid successful wastewater management schemes in the foreseeable future.
废水回用已成为水资源综合管理不可或缺的一部分，因此在保障子孙后代的用水需求方面发挥着作用。本研究旨在确定尼日利亚奥贡州一个新兴城市社区迦南地对经处理废水用于多种用途的看法。通过向城市居民（n = 244）发放问卷收集数据。研究结果显示，该城市意识到废水回用的经济和环境效益，但更倾向于采用涉及较少人际接触的回用方案，如冲厕、发电、建筑施工和洗车。最不被看好的选择是用于饮用目的。该社区还表示，只要得到医生、大学教授和专家的认可，他们愿意接受废水回用。然而，45.5%的受访者来自圣约大学的学术环境。此外，还进行了一项评估，以确定该城市废水回用的影响和机会。研究结果表明，废水回用涉及几个复杂因素和相互联系，这些因素围绕政治和决策因素、经济和社会因素、环境因素以及技术因素展开。通过该研究，制定了政策和决策建议以及废水处理流程，以便在发展中城市实现更高效的废水管理。对来自发展中国家的八个城市进行了一项研究，这些城市采用多种方法创建了废水管理框架。此外，研究结果总结显示，如果进行充分研究，可以为发展中国家开发用于发电、洗车和消防的廉价且替代的废水处理和回用方法。本研究结果可用于消除公众对废水回用做法的担忧。此外，本研究希望在可预见的未来有助于成功实施废水管理方案。
