Anttila Anniina, Nuutinen Mikko, Van Gils Mark, Pekki Anu, Sauni Riitta
Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, PL 100, 33014 Tampereen yliopisto, Finland.
Finla Työterveys, PL 42, 33211 Tampere, Finland.
Prev Med Rep. 2024 Oct 6;47:102899. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102899. eCollection 2024 Nov.
To examine the relevance of questions on psychosocial working conditions and depressive symptoms, as used in a screening questionnaire in preventive occupational health care, to predict repetitive short or long sickness absences.
The participants were 11,495 employees of various occupations in Finnish companies. The data were prospectively collected by one occupational healthcare service provider (Finla) and included register data of sickness absences and responses to a questionnaire used in pre-employment and periodic health examinations between 2011 and 2019. Long sickness absences of > 30 days and repetitive short sickness absences of one to ten days in a 24-month follow-up were used as outcome variables for multiple logistic regression analysis.
Strong associations were found between repetitive short and long sickness absences, and the questions on depressive symptoms "felt hopeless about the future", "felt melancholic", "felt everything was an effort", and "feelings of worthlessness". Among questions on psychosocial working conditions, strong associations were found between sickness absences and questions on decision authority, self-reformation opportunities, job versatility, and appreciation for their work.
Questionnaires on depressive symptoms and psychosocial work environment can help identify patients with an increased risk of sickness absence. Data accumulating in occupational health care should be used more systematically to reduce the risk of work disability through targeted occupational health interventions.
探讨预防性职业健康护理筛查问卷中关于心理社会工作条件和抑郁症状的问题与预测重复性短期或长期病假的相关性。
参与者为芬兰公司11495名从事各种职业的员工。数据由一家职业医疗服务提供商（Finla）前瞻性收集，包括病假登记数据以及2011年至2019年期间入职前和定期健康检查中对问卷的回答。在24个月的随访中，超过30天的长期病假和一至十天的重复性短期病假被用作多因素逻辑回归分析的结果变量。
重复性短期和长期病假与抑郁症状问题“对未来感到绝望”“感到忧郁”“觉得一切都很费力”以及“无价值感”之间存在强烈关联。在心理社会工作条件问题中，病假与决策自主权、自我改革机会、工作多样性以及对工作的认可等问题之间存在强烈关联。
关于抑郁症状和心理社会工作环境的问卷有助于识别病假风险增加的患者。职业健康护理中积累的数据应更系统地用于通过有针对性的职业健康干预措施降低工作残疾风险。
