Gurwith M J, Williams T W
J Infect Dis. 1977 Aug;136(2):239-47. doi: 10.1093/infdis/136.2.239.
During two years, 1,217 children hospitalized with gastroenteritis at the Children's Centre in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada were studied. Bacterial pathogens were present in 25% of these children: enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in 120, Shigella in 139, Salmonella in 24, and multiple pathogens in 18. Rotavirus was detected in 54 (11%) of 472 patients examined. Rotavirus and enteropathogenic E. coli were the most common pathogens in infants, and Shigella was the most common in older children. Bacterial diarrhea occurred more commonly in summer, whereas rotavirus infection occurred more commonly in winter. Among 276 children screened, enterotoxigenic E. coli was found in three, and Aeromonas shigelloides that produced a similar toxin in two others. Enteroinvasive E. coli was not detected in 70 children. Organisms producing toxins "cytotoxic" to HeLa cells were isolated from three of 90 children. Screening for enterotoxigenic or enteroinvasive organisms was not productive of a significant number of pathogens, and, although screening for rotavirus did improve the number of etiologic diagnoses, the etiology of the majority of cases of diarrhea remained unknown.
在两年时间里，对加拿大曼尼托巴省温尼伯市儿童中心收治的1217例患肠胃炎的儿童进行了研究。这些儿童中有25%存在细菌病原体：120例为致病性大肠杆菌，139例为志贺氏菌，24例为沙门氏菌，18例为多种病原体。在472例接受检查的患者中，54例（11%）检测到轮状病毒。轮状病毒和致病性大肠杆菌是婴儿中最常见的病原体，志贺氏菌在大龄儿童中最常见。细菌性腹泻在夏季更为常见，而轮状病毒感染在冬季更为常见。在276例接受筛查的儿童中，3例发现产肠毒素大肠杆菌，另外2例发现产生类似毒素的类志贺邻单胞菌。在70例儿童中未检测到侵袭性大肠杆菌。从90例儿童中的3例分离出对HeLa细胞产生“细胞毒性”毒素的微生物。对产肠毒素或侵袭性微生物的筛查未发现大量病原体，尽管对轮状病毒的筛查确实增加了病因诊断的数量，但大多数腹泻病例的病因仍然不明。
