Kim Taewan, Lim Seyeong, Yun Sunhee, Jeong Sohee, Park Taiho, Choi Jongmin
Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
Department of Energy Science and Center for Artificial Atoms, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
Small. 2020 Nov;16(45):e2002460. doi: 10.1002/smll.202002460. Epub 2020 Oct 20.
Quantum dots (QDs) are emerging photovoltaic materials that display exclusive characteristics that can be adjusted through modification of their size and surface chemistry. However, designing a QD-based optoelectronic device requires specialized approaches compared with designing conventional bulk-based solar cells. In this paper, design considerations for QD thin-film solar cells are introduced from two different viewpoints: optics and electrics. The confined energy level of QDs contributes to the adjustment of their band alignment, enabling their absorption characteristics to be adapted to a specific device purpose. However, the materials selected for this energy adjustment can increase the light loss induced by interface reflection. Thus, management of the light path is important for optical QD solar cell design, whereas surface modification is a crucial issue for the electrical design of QD solar cells. QD thin-film solar cell architectures are fabricated as a heterojunction today, and ligand exchange provides suitable doping states and enhanced carrier transfer for the junction. Lastly, the stability issues and methods on QD thin-film solar cells are surveyed. Through these strategies, a QD solar cell study can provide valuable insights for future-oriented solar cell technology.
量子点（QDs）是新兴的光伏材料，具有独特的特性，可通过改变其尺寸和表面化学性质进行调整。然而，与设计传统的体基太阳能电池相比，设计基于量子点的光电器件需要专门的方法。本文从光学和电学两个不同的角度介绍了量子点薄膜太阳能电池的设计考虑因素。量子点的受限能级有助于调整其能带排列，使其吸收特性能够适应特定的器件用途。然而，用于这种能量调整的材料会增加界面反射引起的光损失。因此，光路管理对于光学量子点太阳能电池设计很重要，而表面修饰是量子点太阳能电池电学设计的关键问题。如今，量子点薄膜太阳能电池结构被制造成异质结，配体交换为该结提供了合适的掺杂状态并增强了载流子转移。最后，对量子点薄膜太阳能电池的稳定性问题及方法进行了综述。通过这些策略，量子点太阳能电池研究可为面向未来的太阳能电池技术提供有价值的见解。
