Sports Physiology department, San Antonio Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Avenida de los Jerónimos, 135, Guadalupe (Murcia), 30107, Spain.
Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, 30120, Spain.
J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2020 Oct 21;17(1):51. doi: 10.1186/s12970-020-00379-0.
Fish oils were studied as ergogenic aids in a number of mixed physical trial designs showing promising results. However, the heterogeneous purity of the studied supplements, combined with the variety of physical tests employed call for more studies to confirm these findings, ideally with standardised supplements. Our aim was to test a supplement highly concentrated in DHA (DHA:EPA ratio equal to approximately 8:1) on a maximal cycling test to elucidate performance improvements mainly due to DHA.
A double-blind, placebo controlled, randomised balanced, parallel design, in competitive amateur cyclists was employed. They were all male, older than 18 years old, with training routine of 2 to 4 sessions per week lasting at least one hour each. A ramp cycling test to exhaustion with a subsequent 5 min recovery phase was employed before and after treatment to analyse aerobic metabolism and lactate clearance after the bout. After 30 days of supplementation with 975 mg of re-esterified DHA, the thirty-eight cyclist who completed the study were finally included for statistical analysis.
Mean power output at ventilatory threshold 2 (VT2) improved after DHA supplementation both as absolute (△DHA versus △PLA: 6.33-26.54 Watts; CI 95%) and relative (p=0.006) values, paralleled with higher oxygen consumption at VT2 both for absolute (DHA 2729.4 ±304.5, 3045.9 ±335.0; PLA 2792.3 ±339.5, 2845.5 ±357.1; ml·min baseline versus post p=0.025) and relative values (DHA 36.6 ±5.0, 41.2 ±5.4; PLA 37.2 ±5.7, 38.1 ±5.2; ml·kg·min baseline versus post p=0.024). Heart rate recovery rate improved during the recovery phase in the DHA group compared to PLA (p=0.005).
DHA is capable of improving mean power output at the ventilatory threshold 2 (anaerobic ventilatory threshold) in amateur competitive cyclists. It is unclear if these findings are the result of the specific DHA supplement blend or another factor.
鱼油作为一种运动补剂在多项混合物理试验设计中进行了研究，结果显示其具有一定的促进作用。然而，由于所研究的补充剂纯度不同，以及所采用的各种物理测试方法不同，需要进一步的研究来证实这些发现，理想情况下是使用标准化的补充剂。我们的目的是在最大强度的自行车测试中测试一种高度浓缩的 DHA 补充剂（DHA：EPA 比值约为 8：1），以阐明主要归因于 DHA 的性能提升。
采用双盲、安慰剂对照、随机平衡、平行设计，对竞技业余自行车运动员进行研究。他们均为男性，年龄大于 18 岁，每周进行 2 到 4 次训练，每次持续至少 1 小时。在治疗前后进行斜坡式自行车测试至力竭，随后进行 5 分钟恢复期，以分析有氧代谢和恢复期后乳酸清除率。在补充 975 毫克再酯化 DHA 30 天后，最终有 38 名完成研究的自行车运动员纳入统计分析。
在补充 DHA 后，通气阈 2 （VT2）时的平均功率输出无论是绝对值（DHA 与 PLA 的差值：6.33-26.54 瓦特；95%CI）还是相对值（p=0.006）均有所提高，同时 VT2 时的耗氧量绝对值（DHA 为 2729.4±304.5、3045.9±335.0；PLA 为 2792.3±339.5、2845.5±357.1；ml·min 基础值与治疗后值，p=0.025）和相对值（DHA 为 36.6±5.0、41.2±5.4；PLA 为 37.2±5.7、38.1±5.2；ml·kg·min 基础值与治疗后值，p=0.024）均有所提高。与 PLA 相比，DHA 组在恢复期的心率恢复率提高（p=0.005）。
DHA 能够提高竞技业余自行车运动员的通气阈 2（无氧通气阈）时的平均功率输出。目前尚不清楚这些发现是由于特定的 DHA 补充剂混合物还是其他因素所致。
