Centre for Health and Social Care Management (CERGAS), SDA Bocconi School of Management, Bocconi University, Via Röntgen 1, 20136, Milan, Italy.
Laboratory of Lifestyle Epidemiology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2020 Oct 21;10(1):17943. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-72612-4.
To investigate the prevalence and possible determinants of sleep quality and quantity, we used data from a cross-sectional study conducted in 2019 on a sample of 3120 subjects, representative of the general Italian adult population. Sleep dissatisfaction was reported by 14.2% and insufficient sleep (duration) by 29.5% of adults. Sleep dissatisfaction and insufficient sleep were directly related with age (p for trend < 0.001), and inversely related with socioeconomic class (p for trend < 0.001) and income (p for trend < 0.001). Sleep dissatisfaction was higher among women (odds ratio, OR 1.30; 95% confidence interval, CI 1.05-1.60). Insufficient sleep was inversely related to education (p for trend < 0.001) and more frequent in current compared to never smokers (OR 1.32; 95% CI 1.08-1.61). Sleep dissatisfaction was higher among divorced/separated compared with married subjects (OR 1.75; 95% CI 1.20-2.58) and lower among subjects living with children aged 0-14 years (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.33-0.70). Pet owners more frequently had sleep dissatisfaction (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.08-1.68) and insufficient sleep (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.23-1.73). In Italy, self-perceived sleep problems appear to be increasing. Sleep problems can contribute to aggravating health disparities in the society. The unfavourable relationship with pets (and the favourable ones with children) should be confirmed by longitudinal studies.
为了调查睡眠质量和数量的流行情况和可能的决定因素，我们使用了 2019 年进行的一项横断面研究的数据，该研究的样本为 3120 名代表性的意大利成年人群体。14.2%的成年人报告睡眠不满意，29.5%的成年人报告睡眠不足（持续时间）。睡眠不满意和睡眠不足与年龄呈直接相关（趋势 P<0.001），与社会经济阶层（趋势 P<0.001）和收入呈负相关（趋势 P<0.001）。女性睡眠不满意的比例更高（比值比，OR 1.30；95%置信区间，CI 1.05-1.60）。睡眠不足与教育程度呈负相关（趋势 P<0.001），与从不吸烟者相比，当前吸烟者更为常见（OR 1.32；95%CI 1.08-1.61）。与已婚者相比，离婚/分居者睡眠不满意的比例更高（OR 1.75；95%CI 1.20-2.58），与有 0-14 岁儿童的同住者相比，睡眠不满意的比例更低（OR 0.48，95%CI 0.33-0.70）。宠物主人睡眠不满意（OR 1.35，95%CI 1.08-1.68）和睡眠不足（OR 1.46，95%CI 1.23-1.73）的比例更高。在意大利，自我感知的睡眠问题似乎在增加。睡眠问题可能会加剧社会中的健康差距。与宠物的不利关系（与儿童的有利关系）应通过纵向研究来证实。
