Özcan Akide, Sütyemez Mehmet, Nar Akif, Yıldırım Esra, Süslüoglu Zahide
Afsin Vocational School, University of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2020 Oct;26(10):1945-1959. doi: 10.1007/s12298-020-00872-5. Epub 2020 Sep 16.
In this research, 'Pedro' walnut variety (maternal parent) was open pollinated. Offspring genotypes were compared with their maternal parent in terms of morphological and molecular features. Leafing and leaf fall dates were measured as two phenological traits. Genetic differences were identified by molecular fingerprinting using twelve Inter Simple Repetitive Sequence Polymorphism (ISSR) primers. In some progenies, leafing and leaf fall occurred later than the maternal parent ('Pedro'). Progenies were grouped according to their similarities with the maternal parent regarding leafing date. Specifically, 14.44% of the progenies were 'Very close' to the parent, 16.66% were 'Close', 30.00% 'Far' and 38.89% 'Very far'. Regarding the leaf fall date, 7.78% of the progenies were 'Very close' to the parent, 28.88% were 'Close', 36.66% 'Far' and 26.67% 'Very far'. A total of 43 bands were obtained in molecular analyses. These bands were largely polymorphic (95.34%). The average number of the alleles was 3.90, while the polymorphism information content varied between 0.14 and 0.91 among the genotypes. Genetic distances were tested according to the UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Average) and by The Structure Analysis. The UPGMA dendrogram divided the genotypes into two main clusters and the similarity coefficient of the genotypes varied between 0.61 and 0.99. This study revealed that 'Pedro' can be used as an excellent parental variety in hybridization programs which prioritize late-leafing in walnut breeding. Furthermore, ISSR primers can be safely used for fingerprinting walnuts in general.
在本研究中，对‘佩德罗’核桃品种（母本）进行了开放授粉。根据形态和分子特征，将子代基因型与其母本进行了比较。测量了展叶期和落叶期这两个物候性状。使用12个简单重复序列间多态性（ISSR）引物通过分子指纹识别鉴定遗传差异。在一些子代中，展叶和落叶比母本（‘佩德罗’）晚。根据子代展叶期与母本的相似性对子代进行分组。具体而言，14.44%的子代与亲本‘非常接近’，16.66%‘接近’，30.00%‘远’，38.89%‘非常远’。关于落叶期，7.78%的子代与亲本‘非常接近’，28.88%‘接近’，36.66%‘远’，26.67%‘非常远’。在分子分析中总共获得了43条带。这些条带大多具有多态性（95.34%）。等位基因的平均数量为3.90，而基因型之间的多态性信息含量在0.14至0.91之间变化。根据非加权组平均法（UPGMA）和结构分析测试了遗传距离。UPGMA聚类图将基因型分为两个主要类群，基因型的相似系数在0.61至0.99之间变化。本研究表明，在核桃育种中优先考虑晚展叶的杂交计划中，‘佩德罗’可作为优良的亲本品种。此外，一般而言，ISSR引物可安全用于核桃的指纹识别。
