Shochat Tamar, Hadish-Shogan Satanay, Banin Yosipof Michal, Recanati Ayelet, Tzischinsky Orna
The Cheryl Spencer Department of Nursing, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel.
Haemek Hospital, Afula 18317, Israel.
Clocks Sleep. 2019 Apr 24;1(2):226-239. doi: 10.3390/clockssleep1020020. eCollection 2019 Jun.
Organizational changes in shift scheduling provide rare opportunities for field studies aimed at investigating the effects of such changes on health and wellbeing. We studied the effects of a transition from 8-hour (8-h) to 12-hour (12-h) shift rosters in 39 airline ground crew managers on burnout, sleep quality, and sleepiness. Assessments were collected during the 8-h and were repeated three months after the transition to 12-h shift rosters. These assessments included the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure (SMBM), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), actigraphy, the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) completed hourly during one day and two night shifts, and caffeine intake. Findings demonstrated lower burnout, improved sleep quality, improved quality of naps, and increased afternoon sleepiness during the 12-h day shift. Napping was reported during 12-h night shifts by 36% of the sample. In nappers, increased night shift sleepiness was associated with increased caffeine intake on 8- and 12-h shifts. In non-nappers, increased night shift sleepiness was associated with decreased caffeine intake on the 8-h shift only. Change in shift length affects other structural and behavioral parameters in the workplace, making it challenging to isolate distinct characteristics of the two rosters and their relative effects on study outcomes. Individual differences in adaptation to shiftwork may also play a role.
轮班安排中的组织变革为旨在研究此类变革对健康和幸福影响的实地研究提供了难得的机会。我们研究了39名航空公司地勤管理人员从8小时轮班制过渡到12小时轮班制对倦怠、睡眠质量和嗜睡程度的影响。在8小时轮班制期间收集评估数据，并在过渡到12小时轮班制三个月后重复收集。这些评估包括希罗姆 - 梅拉梅德倦怠量表（SMBM）、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、活动记录仪、在一天的白班和两个夜班期间每小时完成一次的卡罗林斯卡嗜睡量表（KSS），以及咖啡因摄入量。研究结果表明，在12小时白班期间，倦怠程度降低、睡眠质量改善、小睡质量提高，下午嗜睡程度增加。36%的样本报告在12小时夜班期间有小睡。在有小睡的人中，夜班嗜睡程度增加与8小时和12小时轮班时咖啡因摄入量增加有关。在无小睡的人中，夜班嗜睡程度增加仅与8小时轮班时咖啡因摄入量减少有关。轮班时长的变化会影响工作场所的其他结构和行为参数，使得区分两种轮班制的不同特征及其对研究结果的相对影响具有挑战性。个体对轮班工作的适应差异也可能起作用。
