Zion Nataly, Drach-Zahavy Anat, Shochat Tamar
a Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, Cheryl Spencer Department of Nursing , University of Haifa , Haifa , Israel.
b Department of Pediatrics , Bnei Zion Medical Center , Haifa , Israel.
Ergonomics. 2018 Jul;61(7):1004-1014. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2017.1418027. Epub 2017 Dec 23.
Sleepiness is a common complaint during the night shift and may impair performance. The current study aims to identify bio-psycho-social factors associated with subjective sleepiness during the night shift. Ninety-two female nurses working rotating shifts completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Munich ChronoType Questionaire for shift workers, the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, and the Pre-sleep Arousal Scale. Subjective sleepiness was measured hourly during two night shifts using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, and activity monitors assessed sleep duration 24-h before each shift. Findings showed that increased sleepiness was associated with increased age in nurses with early chronotypes and with more children. High cognitive pre-sleep arousal, but not sleep, was associated with increased sleepiness, especially in late chronotypes. The impact of bio-psycho-social factors on night shift sleepiness is complex, and depends on mutual interactions between these factors. Nurses most prone to increased sleepiness must develop personal strategies for maintaining vigilance on the night shift. Practitioner Summary: This study aims to identify bio-psycho-social factors associated with subjective sleepiness of female nurses during the night shift. Increasing sleepiness was associated with increased age in nurses with early chronotypes and with more children. Increased cognitive pre-sleep arousal, but not sleep, was associated with increased sleepiness, especially in late chronotypes.
嗜睡是夜班期间常见的问题，可能会影响工作表现。本研究旨在确定与夜班期间主观嗜睡相关的生物心理社会因素。92名从事轮班工作的女性护士完成了一份社会人口统计学问卷、针对轮班工作者的慕尼黑昼夜节律类型问卷、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数和睡前觉醒量表。在两个夜班期间，每小时使用卡罗林斯卡嗜睡量表测量主观嗜睡程度，并在每次轮班前24小时使用活动监测器评估睡眠时间。研究结果表明，对于昼夜节律类型为早起型的护士，嗜睡程度增加与年龄增长以及孩子数量增多有关。睡前高度的认知觉醒而非睡眠与嗜睡程度增加有关，尤其是在昼夜节律类型为晚睡型的护士中。生物心理社会因素对夜班嗜睡的影响是复杂的，并且取决于这些因素之间的相互作用。最容易出现嗜睡程度增加的护士必须制定个人策略以在夜班期间保持警觉。从业者总结：本研究旨在确定与女性护士夜班主观嗜睡相关的生物心理社会因素。对于昼夜节律类型为早起型的护士，嗜睡程度增加与年龄增长以及孩子数量增多有关。认知性睡前觉醒增加而非睡眠与嗜睡程度增加有关，尤其是在昼夜节律类型为晚睡型的护士中。
