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由感染牛分枝杆菌的 domestic UK cats 引起的猫结核病与食用商业生骨肉饮食有关。

Feline tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis infection of domestic UK cats associated with feeding a commercial raw food diet.

机构信息

Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

Veterinary Specialists Scotland, Livingston, UK.

出版信息

Transbound Emerg Dis. 2021 Jul;68(4):2308-2320. doi: 10.1111/tbed.13889. Epub 2020 Nov 7.

Abstract

Mycobacterium (M.) bovis can infect cats and is a demonstrated zoonosis. We describe an outbreak of M. bovis in pet cats across England and Scotland associated with feeding a commercial raw food diet. Forty-seven cats presented with (pyo)granulomatous lesions, lymphadenopathy, pulmonary and/or alimentary disease over a one-year period where M. bovis infection was suspected or definitively diagnosed, and the cats all consumed the same specific brand of commercial raw venison pet food. Infection with M. bovis genotype 10:a was confirmed by culture and DNA typing of isolates in a small number of cases (n = 5); PCR was used in combination with or as an alternative to culture (n = 12) and/or infection with a Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex group organism was strongly suggested by positive responses to an interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA; n = 34). Asymptomatic at-risk cats were screened by IGRA, identifying a further 83 infected cats. The five culture-positive cases were distributed across areas of England and Scotland at low risk of endemic bovine tuberculosis. Investigations revealed affected cats were mainly indoor-only, and had been fed the same commercial raw food as at least part of their diet. This diet was recalled by the manufacturer due to failure of statutory meat inspection of the component venison. As far as possible, other sources of infection were explored and excluded, including wildlife contact, access to raw milk and living with people with active M. bovis infection. Four owners and one veterinary surgeon were found to have high likelihood of latent tuberculosis infection. One owner required treatment. Although it was not possible to conclusively demonstrate a zoonotic origin for these infections, neither was it possible to eliminate the possibility. Our results provide compelling evidence that the commercial raw diet of these cats was the likely route of M. bovis infection in this outbreak of cases.

摘要

牛分枝杆菌(M. bovis)可感染猫,是一种已证实的人畜共患病。我们描述了英格兰和苏格兰宠物猫中暴发的牛分枝杆菌感染,与喂食商业生骨肉饮食有关。在一年期间,怀疑或明确诊断为牛分枝杆菌感染的 47 只猫出现了(脓性)肉芽肿性病变、淋巴结病、肺部和/或消化道疾病,所有猫都食用了同一种特定品牌的商业生骨肉宠物食品。少数情况下(n=5)通过培养和分离物 DNA 分型证实了牛分枝杆菌 10:a 基因型的感染;PCR 与培养联合使用或替代培养(n=12),或对干扰素-γ释放试验(IGRA;n=34)呈阳性反应强烈提示感染了结核分枝杆菌复合群生物体。通过 IGRA 对无症状高危猫进行筛查,又发现了 83 只感染猫。5 例培养阳性病例分布在英格兰和苏格兰低流行牛结核病风险地区。调查发现受感染的猫主要是室内饲养,且至少部分饮食为同一种商业生骨肉。由于成分鹿肉未通过法定肉类检验,制造商召回了这种食品。尽可能地调查和排除了其他感染源,包括野生动物接触、接触生奶以及与活动性牛分枝杆菌感染的人一起生活。发现 4 名猫主人和 1 名兽医高度可能感染了潜伏性结核病。1 名猫主人需要治疗。虽然不能确定这些感染具有明确的人畜共患病起源,但也不能排除这种可能性。我们的结果提供了有力的证据,表明这些猫的商业生骨肉饮食是此次暴发中牛分枝杆菌感染的可能途径。

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