Oliveira Ribeiro Sofia, Fontaine Véronique, Mathieu Véronique, Zhiri Abdesselam, Baudoux Dominique, Stévigny Caroline, Souard Florence
Department of Research in Drug Development (RD3), Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université libre de Bruxelles, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Department of Research in Drug Development (RD3), Microbiology, Bioorganic and Macromolecular Chemistry Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2020 Oct 20;9(10):717. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9100717.
There is a huge concern in the medical field concerning the emergence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Essential oils are a source of antibacterial compounds that can overcome this problem. Ten essential oils that are commercially available were investigated in the present study: ajowan, basil, German chamomile, Chinese cinnamon, coriander, clove, lemongrass, Spanish lavender, oregano and palmarosa. Their direct, synergistic and indirect antibacterial activities were evaluated against different human pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. To evaluate their possible use in clinics, the cytotoxicity of these essential oils was also tested on keratinocyte and epithelial cell lines. Except for the Chinese cinnamon, coriander and lemongrass, all other essential oils presented no cytotoxicity at 32 and 16 μg/mL. The highest indirect antibacterial activities were observed with the palmarosa and Spanish lavender in association with penicillin V. These two associations presented a 64-fold decrease against a resistant strain of , however, at a cytotoxic concentration. It can also be highlighted that when tested at a non-cytotoxic concentration, the activity of oregano in association with penicillin V presented an eight-fold decrease. These results show the interest to use essential oils in combination with antibiotics to reduce their concentrations inside drugs.
医学领域对细菌对抗生素产生耐药性的出现极为关注。精油是一类抗菌化合物的来源，有望解决这一问题。本研究对十种市售精油进行了调查：阿育吠陀、罗勒、德国洋甘菊、中国肉桂、芫荽、丁香、柠檬草、西班牙薰衣草、牛至和玫瑰草。评估了它们对不同人类致病革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性菌株的直接、协同和间接抗菌活性。为评估它们在临床中的潜在应用，还对这些精油对角质形成细胞和上皮细胞系的细胞毒性进行了测试。除中国肉桂、芫荽和柠檬草外，所有其他精油在32μg/mL和16μg/mL时均无细胞毒性。玫瑰草和西班牙薰衣草与青霉素V联合使用时观察到最高的间接抗菌活性。然而，这两种组合对一种耐药菌株的抑菌效果降低了64倍，但处于细胞毒性浓度。同样值得注意的是，当在非细胞毒性浓度下进行测试时，牛至与青霉素V联合使用时活性降低了8倍。这些结果表明将精油与抗生素联合使用以降低药物中抗生素浓度具有重要意义。
