Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China.
Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Beijing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China.
Toxins (Basel). 2020 Oct 20;12(10):665. doi: 10.3390/toxins12100665.
is an important phytopathogen causing fruit black rot and also producing a variety of mycotoxins, such as alternariol (AOH) and alternariol monomethyl ether (AME) as two main contaminants. This could lead to economic losses of agricultural products as well as human health risks. In this study, magnolol extracted from the traditional Chinese herb, , exhibited an obvious antifungal property and could completely suppress the mycelial growth at 100 μM. Morphological differences of were observed to be significantly shrunk and wrinkled after the exposure to magnolol. Furthermore, AOH and AME were no longer produced in response to 50 μM of magnolol. To uncover the antifungal and antimycotoxigenic mechanisms, the transcriptomic profiles of treated with or without magnolol-were evaluated. The clustered genes responsible for AOH and AME biosynthesis were obviously less transcribed under magnolol stress and this was further confirmed by qRT-PCR. The global regulators of carbon and nitrogen utilization, such as CreA and NmrA, were significantly down-regulated and this possibly caused the reduction in mycotoxins. In addition, fatty acid β-oxidation was regarded to contribute to polyketide mycotoxin production for the supply of precursor acetyl-CoA while the expression of these related genes was inhibited. The response to magnolol led to the marked alteration of oxidative stress and the down-expression of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway from the transcriptome data and the determination of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) assays. This above might be the very reason for the growth supression and mycotoxin production of by magnolol. This study provides new insights into its potential as an important active ingredient for the control of and its mycotoxins in fruits and their products.
是一种重要的植物病原菌，可导致果实黑腐病，并产生多种真菌毒素，如 alternariol (AOH) 和 alternariol monomethyl ether (AME)，它们是两种主要污染物。这可能导致农产品的经济损失以及人类健康风险。在这项研究中，从传统中药中提取的厚朴酚表现出明显的抗真菌特性，在 100 μM 时可完全抑制菌丝生长。暴露于厚朴酚后，观察到的形态差异明显缩小和起皱。此外，在 50 μM 的厚朴酚作用下不再产生 AOH 和 AME。为了揭示其抗真菌和抗真菌毒素生成机制，评估了用或不用厚朴酚处理的转录组图谱。负责 AOH 和 AME 生物合成的聚类基因在厚朴酚胁迫下明显转录减少，这通过 qRT-PCR 进一步得到证实。碳氮利用的全局调控因子，如 CreA 和 NmrA，明显下调，这可能导致真菌毒素减少。此外，脂肪酸β-氧化被认为有助于聚酮类真菌毒素的产生，为前体乙酰辅酶 A 的供应，而这些相关基因的表达被抑制。对厚朴酚的反应导致氧化应激的明显改变，以及从转录组数据和过氧化物酶 (POD)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 和谷胱甘肽 (GSH) 测定中确定的丝裂原激活蛋白激酶 (MAPK) 信号通路的下调。这可能就是厚朴酚抑制生长和真菌毒素产生的原因。本研究为其作为控制水果及其产品中真菌和真菌毒素的重要活性成分提供了新的见解。
