Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China.
Risk Assessment Laboratory for Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
J Sci Food Agric. 2021 May;101(7):3071-3077. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.10901. Epub 2020 Nov 13.
Wheat is one of three major food crops in China. Alternaria species can cause spoilage of wheat with consequent mycotoxin accumulation. Alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), and tenuazonic acid (TeA) are the most common and frequently studied mycotoxins. There are limited regulations placed on Alternaria mycotoxin concentrations worldwide due to the lack of toxicity data available. More data on the levels of mycotoxin contamination are also needed. It is also important to reduce the risks of Alternaria mycotoxins.
One hundred and thirty-two wheat samples were collected from Hebei Province, China, and analyzed for AOH, AME, and TeA. Tenuazonic acid was found to be the predominant Alternaria mycotoxin, especially in flour samples. Studying Alternaria species that cause black-point disease of wheat indicated that Alternaria alternata and Alternaria tenuissima were the dominant species. Most of the Alternaria strains studied produced more than one mycotoxin and TeA was produced at the highest concentration, which may have resulted in the high level of TeA contamination in the wheat samples. Furthermore, magnolol displayed obvious antifungal and antimycotoxigenic activity against Alternaria. This is the first report on the antimycotoxigenic activity of magnolol against Alternaria species.
The Alternaria mycotoxin contamination levels in wheat and wheat products from Hebei Province, China, were correlated with the toxigenic capacity of the Alternaria strains colonizing the wheat. Considering its safety, magnolol could be developed as a natural fungicide in wheat, or as a natural alternative food preservative based on its strong antifungal and antimycotoxigenic activity against Alternaria strains. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
小麦是中国三大主要粮食作物之一。交链孢属真菌可导致小麦变质并积累真菌毒素。己烯醇（AOH）、己烯醇单甲醚（AME）和 tenuazonic 酸（TeA）是最常见和研究最多的真菌毒素。由于缺乏可用的毒性数据，全球对交链孢属真菌毒素浓度的规定有限。还需要更多关于真菌毒素污染水平的数据。减少交链孢属真菌毒素的风险也很重要。
从中国河北省采集了 132 个小麦样品，并对 AOH、AME 和 TeA 进行了分析。发现 TeA 是主要的交链孢属真菌毒素，尤其是在面粉样品中。研究引起小麦黑斑病的交链孢属真菌表明，链格孢Alternaria alternata 和细极链格孢Alternaria tenuissima 是优势种。所研究的大多数交链孢属菌株产生一种以上的真菌毒素，TeA 的产量最高，这可能导致小麦样品中 TeA 的高污染水平。此外，厚朴酚对链格孢属真菌表现出明显的抗真菌和抗真菌毒素活性。这是厚朴酚对链格孢属真菌的抗真菌毒素活性的首次报道。
河北省小麦及其制品中的交链孢属真菌毒素污染水平与定植在小麦上的交链孢属菌株的产毒能力有关。考虑到其安全性，厚朴酚可作为一种天然杀菌剂开发应用于小麦，或因其对链格孢属菌株具有较强的抗真菌和抗真菌毒素活性而作为一种天然的食品防腐剂替代品。© 2020 英国化学学会。
