Guest Amber J, Chen Yu-Ling, Pearson Natalie, King James A, Paine Nicola J, Clemes Stacy A
School of Sport Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
School of Sport Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK.
BMJ Open. 2020 Oct 23;10(10):e038993. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038993.
This study aimed to systematically review and summarise the literature on cardiometabolic risk factors, lifestyle health behaviours and mental health status of truck drivers globally to ascertain the scale of these health concerns.
Systematic review reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.
PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO and Web of Science were searched in January 2019 and updated in January 2020, from the date of inception to 16 January 2020.
Papers were included if they (1) reported independent data on truck drivers, (2) included quantitative data on outcomes related to cardiometabolic markers of health, mental health and/or health behaviours, (3) were written in English and (4) were published in a peer-reviewed journal. Grey literature was ineligible for this review.
One reviewer independently extracted data and assessed methodological quality using a checklist based on the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Quality Assessment tool. 20% were independently assessed for eligibility and quality by a second reviewer. Due to heterogeneity of the outcomes, results were narratively presented.
3601 titles and abstracts were screened. Seventy-three studies met the inclusion criteria. Truck driving is associated with enforced sedentarism, long and irregular working hours, lack of healthy foods, social isolation and chronic time pressures. Strong evidence was observed for truck drivers to generally exhibit poor cardiometabolic risk profiles including overweight and obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, high blood glucose, poor mental health and cigarette smoking.
Improving truck driver health is vital for the longevity of the trucking industry, and for the safety of all road users. The workplace plays a vital role in truck driver health; policies, regulations and procedures are required to address this health crisis.
CRD42019124499.
本研究旨在系统回顾和总结全球范围内有关卡车司机心血管代谢危险因素、生活方式健康行为及心理健康状况的文献，以确定这些健康问题的严重程度。
采用系统评价报告，遵循系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目指南。
2019年1月对PubMed、Scopus、PsycINFO和Web of Science进行了检索，并于2020年1月更新，检索时间从数据库建立至2020年1月16日。
纳入的论文需满足以下条件：（1）报告卡车司机的独立数据；（2）包含与健康的心血管代谢指标、心理健康和/或健康行为相关结果的定量数据；（3）英文撰写；（4）发表于同行评审期刊。灰色文献不纳入本综述。
一名评审员独立提取数据，并使用基于美国国立心肺血液研究所质量评估工具的清单评估方法学质量。20%的数据由第二名评审员独立评估其纳入资格和质量。由于结果的异质性，结果采用描述性呈现。
共筛选了3601篇标题和摘要。73项研究符合纳入标准。卡车驾驶与强制久坐、工作时间长且不规律、缺乏健康食品、社交隔离和长期时间压力有关。有强有力的证据表明，卡车司机普遍呈现不良的心血管代谢风险状况，包括超重和肥胖、高血压、高胆固醇血症、高血糖、心理健康不佳和吸烟。
改善卡车司机的健康对运输行业的长久发展以及所有道路使用者的安全至关重要。工作场所对卡车司机的健康起着至关重要的作用；需要政策、法规和程序来应对这一健康危机。
PROSPERO注册号：CRD42019124499。
