Raoof Israa Burhan, Abdalah Mayssaa E
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2020 Jul-Sep;12(3):246-251. doi: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_12_20. Epub 2020 Jul 18.
Hemodialysis is autoimmune disease result from inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis. It is characterized by renal glomeruli damage, podocyte injury, tubule interstitial, and proteinuria. Electrolyte balance is the main function of the renal and any form of electrolyte disorders may lead to excess blood volume, hypertension, and difficulty in maintaining natural blood sodium. Renal erythropoietin has an important role in the balance of vascular active substances, such as prostaglandins and thromboxanes; therefore, patients undergoing hemodialysis observe decreased production of erythropoietin with iron loss through hemodialysis machine as well as weakened iron absorption and mobilization from the intestine to the bloodstream. Ferritin, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), unsaturated iron-binding protein capacity (UIBC), iron free, and transferrin are used to confirm iron status. According the clinical characterization of the results, no normality was observed in patients undergoing hemodialysis. There was hypertension, anemia, lean symptoms and equal distribution of age parallel with developed disease, there was significant increased in renal function except albumin, it was decreased in the patients compared with control groups. In addition, there was a decreased level of iron status in all parameters such as packed cell volume (%), TIBC, UIBC, iron free, and transferrin except ferritin; there was an increased level of iron status in all parameters in patients compared with control groups.
血液透析是由炎症、氧化应激和纤维化导致的自身免疫性疾病。其特征为肾小球损伤、足细胞损伤、肾小管间质病变及蛋白尿。电解质平衡是肾脏的主要功能，任何形式的电解质紊乱都可能导致血容量过多、高血压以及维持血钠正常水平困难。肾促红细胞生成素在血管活性物质（如前列腺素和血栓素）的平衡中起重要作用；因此，接受血液透析的患者会出现促红细胞生成素生成减少，同时通过血液透析机丢失铁，以及肠道对铁的吸收和向血液中的转运能力减弱。铁蛋白、总铁结合力（TIBC）、未饱和铁结合蛋白能力（UIBC）、游离铁和转铁蛋白用于确定铁状态。根据结果的临床特征，接受血液透析的患者未观察到正常情况。存在高血压、贫血、消瘦症状，且年龄分布与疾病进展平行，除白蛋白外肾功能显著增加，与对照组相比患者的白蛋白水平降低。此外，除铁蛋白外，在血细胞比容（%）、TIBC、UIBC、游离铁和转铁蛋白等所有参数中，患者的铁状态水平均降低；与对照组相比，患者所有参数的铁状态水平均升高。
