Blanton Alison G, Peterson Brittany F
Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, United States.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Sep 30;11:547108. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.547108. eCollection 2020.
Pesticide use is prevalent with applications from the backyard gardener to large-scale agriculture and combatting pests in homes and industrial settings. Alongside the need to control unwanted pests comes the selective pressure generated by sustained pesticide use has become a concern leading to environmental contamination, pest resistance, and, thus, reduced pesticide efficacy. Despite efforts to improve the environmental impact and reduce off-target effects, chemical pesticides are relied on and control failures are costly. Though pesticide resistance mechanisms vary, one pattern that has recently emerged is symbiont-mediated detoxification within insect pests. The localization within the insect host, the identity of the symbiotic partner, and the stability of the associations across different systems vary. The diversity of insects and ecological settings linked to this phenomenon are broad. In this mini-review, we summarize the recent trend of insecticide detoxification modulated by symbiotic associations between bacteria and insects, as well as highlight the implications for pesticide development, pest management strategies, and pesticide bioremediation.
农药的使用非常普遍，从后院园丁到大规模农业，以及在家庭和工业环境中防治害虫都有应用。在需要控制有害害虫的同时，持续使用农药所产生的选择压力已成为一个令人担忧的问题，导致环境污染、害虫抗药性，进而降低农药效力。尽管人们努力改善对环境的影响并减少非目标效应，但化学农药仍被依赖，而且防治失败的代价高昂。虽然害虫抗药机制各不相同，但最近出现的一种模式是害虫体内共生体介导的解毒作用。共生体在昆虫宿主体内的定位、共生伙伴的身份以及不同系统中这种关联的稳定性各不相同。与这一现象相关的昆虫和生态环境多种多样。在这篇小型综述中，我们总结了细菌与昆虫之间的共生关系调节杀虫剂解毒的最新趋势，并强调了其对农药开发、害虫管理策略和农药生物修复的影响。
