Swelum Ayman A, Shafi Manal E, Albaqami Najah M, El-Saadony Mohamed T, Elsify Ahmed, Abdo Mohamed, Taha Ayman E, Abdel-Moneim Abdel-Moneim E, Al-Gabri Naif A, Almaiman Amer A, Saleh Al-Wajeeh Abdullah, Tufarelli Vincenzo, Staffa Vito N, Abd El-Hack Mohamed E
Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Front Vet Sci. 2020 Sep 4;7:578. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00578. eCollection 2020.
The medical authority in China, especially in Wuhan city, reported on December 2019 a large number of highly fatal, rapidly spreading viral pneumonia caused by an unknown coronavirus. The common history of all the patients was their visiting a Wuhan's whole food store, where live animals and seafood are sold. Irrespective of the efforts of the Chinese authorities, the virus spread rapidly all over the world by travelers, provoking widespread attention by the media and panic. Many previous coronavirus epidemics had been recorded, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and the recently newly discovered epidemic is named coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). This disease is caused by SARS Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), and this virus is antigenically related to the SARS virus (SARS-CoV), which had been detected in 2002, depending on clinical, serological, and molecular findings. There is rapid competition among the researchers to discover the source of the virus, understand the mechanism of the disease development, establish treatment strategies, and determine the factors affecting the incidence of infection and severity of the disease, and focus on the production of a vaccine. Coronaviruses are a group of single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome viruses; its genome length varies from 26 to 32 kb. Coronavirus causes mild to severe respiratory disorders. In December 2019, several cases of pneumonia of unknown causes were found in Wuhan city, which is located in the Hubei province in China. Chinese health authorities investigated the problem and found that a new virus caused such infection and, using next-generation sequencing, found the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). It has been transferred from humans to humans and animals to humans (zoonotic). Coronaviruses cause multiple respiratory problems, varying from common cold to severe infections such as SARS. General symptoms of infection include fatigue, cough, and breathing problems such as shortness of breath, as described by World Health Organization. Serious cases may result in pneumonia, renal failure, and even death. We address current information about the new SARS Coronavirus-2 as well as the COVID-19 disease caused by it in this review.
中国的医疗当局，尤其是武汉市的医疗当局，于2019年12月报告了大量由一种未知冠状病毒引起的、具有高致死率且传播迅速的病毒性肺炎。所有患者的共同经历是他们都去过武汉的一家售卖活体动物和海鲜的生鲜市场。尽管中国当局做出了努力，但该病毒仍通过旅行者迅速传播至全球，引发了媒体的广泛关注和恐慌。此前已记录过许多冠状病毒疫情，如严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）和中东呼吸综合征（MERS），而最近新发现的疫情被命名为2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）。这种疾病由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起，根据临床、血清学和分子学研究结果，该病毒在抗原性上与2002年发现的SARS病毒（SARS-CoV）相关。研究人员正在迅速展开竞争，以发现病毒的源头、了解疾病发展机制、制定治疗策略、确定影响感染发生率和疾病严重程度的因素，并专注于疫苗的研发。冠状病毒是一组单链、正链RNA基因组病毒；其基因组长度在26至32 kb之间。冠状病毒可导致从轻度到重度的呼吸道疾病。2019年12月，在中国湖北省武汉市发现了几例不明原因的肺炎病例。中国卫生当局对该问题进行了调查，发现一种新病毒导致了此类感染，并通过下一代测序技术发现了2019新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）。它已出现人际传播以及从动物传播至人类（人畜共患）。冠状病毒会引发多种呼吸道问题，从普通感冒到如SARS等严重感染不等。世界卫生组织称，感染的一般症状包括疲劳、咳嗽以及呼吸问题，如呼吸急促。严重病例可能导致肺炎、肾衰竭，甚至死亡。在本综述中，我们阐述了有关新型严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2以及由其引起的COVID-19疾病的当前信息。
