Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet-Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway.
Regional Advisory Unit for Palliative Care, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
Nutrients. 2020 Oct 22;12(11):3233. doi: 10.3390/nu12113233.
The aim of this meta-analysis was to examine the effects of nutritional and physical exercise interventions and interventions combining these interventions during radiotherapy treatment for patients with head and neck cancer on body composition, objectively measured physical function and nutritional status. Systematic electronic searches were conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed interface), EMBASE (Ovid interface), CINAHL (EBSCO interface) and Cochrane Library (Wiley interface). We identified 13 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included 858 patients. For body composition, using only nutrition as intervention, a significant difference between treatment and control group were observed (SMD 0.42 (95CI 0.23-0.62), < 0.001). Only pilot RCTs investigated combination treatment and no significant difference between the treatment and control groups were found (SMD 0.21 (95CI -0.16-0.58), = 0.259). For physical function, a significant difference between treatment and control group with a better outcome for the treatment group were observed (SMD 0.78 (95CI 0.51-1.04), < 0.001). No effects on nutritional status were found. This meta-analysis found significantly positive effects of nutrition and physical exercise interventions alone in favor of the treatment groups. No effects in studies with combined interventions were observed. Future full-scaled RCTs combining nutrition and physical exercise is warranted.
本荟萃分析的目的是研究头颈部癌症患者在放射治疗期间进行营养和身体运动干预以及联合这些干预的效果，以评估其对身体成分、客观测量的身体功能和营养状况的影响。系统地在 MEDLINE（PubMed 界面）、EMBASE（Ovid 界面）、CINAHL（EBSCO 界面）和 Cochrane Library（Wiley 界面）进行了电子检索。我们确定了 13 项随机对照试验（RCT），共纳入 858 名患者。对于身体成分，仅使用营养作为干预措施，治疗组和对照组之间存在显著差异（SMD 0.42（95%CI 0.23-0.62），<0.001）。只有试点 RCT 研究了联合治疗，治疗组和对照组之间没有发现显著差异（SMD 0.21（95%CI -0.16-0.58），=0.259）。对于身体功能，治疗组和对照组之间存在显著差异，治疗组的结果更好（SMD 0.78（95%CI 0.51-1.04），<0.001）。没有发现对营养状况的影响。本荟萃分析发现，单独进行营养和身体运动干预具有显著的积极效果，有利于治疗组。联合干预的研究中未观察到效果。未来有必要进行结合营养和身体运动的全面 RCT。
