Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Wheat/Wheat Disease Biology Research Station for Central China, Wuhan, 430064, China.
College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2020 Oct 27;20(1):491. doi: 10.1186/s12870-020-02693-w.
Stripe rust (yellow rust) is a significant disease for bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. A genome-wide association study was conducted on 240 Chinese wheat cultivars and elite lines genotyped with the wheat 90 K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays to decipher the genetic architecture of stripe rust resistance in Chinese germplasm.
Stripe rust resistance was evaluated at the adult plant stage in Pixian and Xindu in Sichuan province in the 2015-2016 cropping season, and in Wuhan in Hubei province in the 2013-2014, 2016-2017 and 2018-2019 cropping seasons. Twelve stable loci for stripe rust resistance were identified by GWAS using TASSEL and GAPIT software. These loci were distributed on chromosomes 1B, 1D, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4B (3), 4D, 6D, and 7B and explained 3.6 to 10.3% of the phenotypic variation. Six of the loci corresponded with previously reported genes/QTLs, including Sr2/Yr30/Lr27, while the other six (QYr.hbaas-1BS, QYr.hbaas-2BL, QYr.hbaas-3AL, QYr.hbaas-4BL.3, QYr.hbaas-4DL, and QYr.hbaas-6DS) are probably novel. The results suggest high genetic diversity for stripe rust resistance in this population. The resistance alleles of QYr.hbaas-2AS, QYr.hbaas-3BS, QYr.hbaas-4DL, and QYr.hbaas-7BL were rare in the present panel, indicating their potential use in breeding for stripe rust resistance in China. Eleven penta-primer amplification refractory mutation system (PARMS) markers were developed from SNPs significantly associated with seven mapped QTLs. Twenty-seven genes were predicted for mapped QTLs. Six of them were considered as candidates for their high relative expression levels post-inoculation.
The resistant germplasm, mapped QTLs, and PARMS markers developed in this study are resources for enhancing stripe rust resistance in wheat breeding.
条锈病（黄锈病）是全球范围内小麦的重要病害。本研究对 240 个中国小麦品种和品系进行了全基因组关联分析，这些品种和品系均使用小麦 90K 单核苷酸多态性（SNP）芯片进行了基因型分析，旨在解析中国小麦种质资源中条锈病抗性的遗传结构。
在 2015-2016 成都郫县和新都以及 2013-2014、2016-2017 和 2018-2019 武汉的成株期对条锈病抗性进行了评价。使用 TASSEL 和 GAPIT 软件通过 GWAS 鉴定出 12 个稳定的条锈病抗性位点。这些位点分布在 1B、1D、2A、2B、3A、3B、4B（3）、4D、6D 和 7B 染色体上，解释了 3.6%至 10.3%的表型变异。其中 6 个位点与先前报道的基因/QTL 相对应，包括 Sr2/Yr30/Lr27，而另外 6 个（QYr.hbaas-1BS、QYr.hbaas-2BL、QYr.hbaas-3AL、QYr.hbaas-4BL.3、QYr.hbaas-4DL 和 QYr.hbaas-6DS）可能是新的。结果表明，该群体中条锈病抗性具有较高的遗传多样性。在本研究中，该群体中条锈病抗性的 QYr.hbaas-2AS、QYr.hbaas-3BS、QYr.hbaas-4DL 和 QYr.hbaas-7BL 抗性等位基因罕见，表明其在中国小麦抗条锈病育种中有潜在的利用价值。从与 7 个定位 QTL 显著关联的 SNP 中开发了 11 个五聚体引物扩增受阻突变系统（PARMS）标记。对定位的 QTL 预测了 27 个基因。其中 6 个被认为是其接种后高相对表达水平的候选基因。
本研究中获得的抗性种质资源、定位的 QTL 和开发的 PARMS 标记是提高小麦抗条锈病育种的资源。
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