Brinkac Lauren M, Rahman Nandita, Chua Loun-Loun, Thomas Sterling
Noblis, Reston, Virginia, USA.
Noblis, Reston, Virginia, USA
mSystems. 2020 Oct 27;5(5):e00487-20. doi: 10.1128/mSystems.00487-20.
The human gut microbiome plays a vital role in both health and disease states and as a mediator of cognitive and physical performance. Despite major advances in our understanding of the role of gut microbes in host physiology, mechanisms underlying human-microbiome dynamics have yet to be fully elucidated. This knowledge gap represents a major hurdle to the development of targeted gut microbiome solutions influencing human health and performance outcomes. The microbiome as it relates to warfighter health and performance is of interest to the Department of Defense (DoD) with the development of interventions impacting gut microbiome resiliency among its top research priorities. While technological advancements are enabling the development of experimental model systems that facilitate mechanistic insights underpinning human health, disease, and performance, translatability to human outcomes is still questionable. This review discusses some of the drivers influencing the DoD's interest in the warfighter gut microbiome and describes current gut model systems supporting direct microbial-host interactions.
人类肠道微生物群在健康和疾病状态中都起着至关重要的作用，并且作为认知和身体表现的调节者。尽管我们对肠道微生物在宿主生理学中的作用有了重大进展，但人类-微生物群动态背后的机制尚未完全阐明。这一知识空白是开发影响人类健康和表现结果的靶向肠道微生物群解决方案的主要障碍。随着干预措施的发展将影响肠道微生物群弹性作为其首要研究重点之一，与战士健康和表现相关的微生物群受到了美国国防部（DoD）的关注。虽然技术进步使得能够开发实验模型系统，促进对支撑人类健康、疾病和表现的机制的深入了解，但转化为人类结果仍存在疑问。本综述讨论了一些影响国防部对战士肠道微生物群兴趣的驱动因素，并描述了支持直接微生物-宿主相互作用的当前肠道模型系统。
