Kalra Shilpa, Gupta Prateek, Tripathi Tulika, Rai Priyank
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Aug 25;9(8):3872-3882. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_802_20. eCollection 2020 Aug.
External apical root resorption is one of the most deleterious complications after orthodontic treatment. Studies to explain the causal relationship between orthodontic tooth movement and external apical root resorption have been inconclusive till date. Individual variations in external apical root resorption sometimes overshadow the treatment related factors which indicate genetic predisposition and/or multifactorial etiology. Mechanism of root resorption is not completely understood. Inflammatory root resorption induced by orthodontic treatment is a part of process of elimination of hyaline zone. An imbalance between bone resorption and deposition may contribute to root resorption by the cementoclasts/osteoclasts. This narrative review article explains the molecular pathway involved in external apical root resorption and also role of various genes involved at different level. It also reviews the literature published during the past 20 years concerning the association studies linking EARR to genetic polymorphisms. This literature review provides an insight into genetic predisposition of external apical root resorption that can be used in orthodontic practice to enable 'high-risk' subjects to be identified on the basis of their genetic information before orthodontic treatment is initiated.
根尖外吸收是正畸治疗后最有害的并发症之一。迄今为止，关于解释正畸牙齿移动与根尖外吸收之间因果关系的研究尚无定论。根尖外吸收的个体差异有时会掩盖表明遗传易感性和/或多因素病因的治疗相关因素。牙根吸收的机制尚未完全明了。正畸治疗引起的炎性牙根吸收是透明带消除过程的一部分。骨吸收与沉积之间的不平衡可能会导致破牙骨质细胞/破骨细胞引起牙根吸收。这篇叙述性综述文章解释了根尖外吸收所涉及的分子途径以及不同水平上各种基因的作用。它还回顾了过去20年中发表的有关将根尖外吸收与基因多态性联系起来的关联研究的文献。这篇文献综述深入探讨了根尖外吸收的遗传易感性，可用于正畸实践，以便在开始正畸治疗之前，根据遗传信息识别出“高风险”个体。
