Centre of Research Excellence in Disability and Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
Centre for Disability Research and Policy, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW 2141, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Oct 26;17(21):7844. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17217844.
The importance of health-promoting neighborhoods has long been recognized, and characteristics of local built environments are among the social determinants of health. People with disability are more likely than other population groups to experience geographic mobility and cost restrictions, and to be reliant on 'opportunity structures' available locally. We conducted an ecological analysis to explore associations between area-level disability prevalence for people aged 15-64 years and area-level built environment characteristics in Australia's 21 largest cities. Overall, disability was more prevalent in areas with lower walkability and lower local availability of various neighborhood amenities such as public transport, healthier food options, public open space, physical activity and recreation destinations and health and mental health services. These patterns of lower liveability in areas of higher disability prevalence were observed in major cities but not in regional cities. Our findings suggest that geographically targeted interventions to improve access to health-enhancing neighborhood infrastructure could reduce disability-related inequalities in the social determinants of health.
促进健康邻里关系的重要性早已得到认可，而当地建成环境的特点是健康的社会决定因素之一。残疾人群比其他人群更有可能经历地理流动性和成本限制，并依赖当地提供的“机会结构”。我们进行了一项生态分析，以探讨澳大利亚 21 个最大城市中 15-64 岁人群的区域残疾流行率与区域建成环境特征之间的关联。总的来说，在步行性较差和各种邻里设施（如公共交通、更健康的食品选择、公共开放空间、体育活动和娱乐目的地以及健康和心理健康服务）本地供应较低的地区，残疾更为普遍。在主要城市中观察到这些更高残疾流行率地区的生活质量较低的模式，但在区域城市中则没有。我们的研究结果表明，针对特定地理区域的改善促进健康的邻里基础设施的干预措施可能会减少与残疾相关的健康社会决定因素的不平等。
