Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2020 Oct 29;15(10):e0241101. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241101. eCollection 2020.
This study was designed to determine risk perception and precautionary health behavior toward coronavirus disease (COVID-19) among health professionals working in selected public university hospitals of Ethiopia.
A web-based cross-sectional survey was used with health professionals working in selected public university hospitals of Ethiopia. A structured survey questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic, risk perception, and behavioral response items were used. The survey questions were designed on Google form. All academic and clinical staff invited to participate in the online survey, which was carried out from May 1-14, 2020. Data analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24. Descriptive statistics computed and the result is presented by tables and figures.
A total of 273 health professionals participated in this study. The mean (± SD) age of participants was 31.03 ± 5.11. Study participants' overall mean score of perceived risk was 23.59 ± 4.75. The study participants' mean score of perceived vulnerability (4.01 ± 1.17) was higher than the human immunodeficiency virus, common cold, malaria, and tuberculosis. Regarding precautionary health behavior, the lowest mean score is for wearing gloves 1.82 ± 1.15.
Participants mean score of perceived vulnerability of coronavirus disease was higher than some of the prevalent infectious disease in the area. Almost all participants applied recommended protective measures to the acceptable level, except for wearing mask and gloves. Therefore, there is a need to further intensification of more effective ways to support health professionals' adherence to major precautionary measure is important.
本研究旨在确定在埃塞俄比亚选定的公立大学医院工作的卫生专业人员对冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的风险认知和预防保健行为。
采用基于网络的横断面调查，对在埃塞俄比亚选定的公立大学医院工作的卫生专业人员进行调查。使用包含社会人口统计学、风险认知和行为反应项目的结构化调查问卷。调查问题是在 Google 表格上设计的。邀请所有学术和临床工作人员参加在线调查，调查于 2020 年 5 月 1 日至 14 日进行。使用社会科学统计软件包 24 版进行数据分析。计算描述性统计数据，并以表格和图形呈现结果。
共有 273 名卫生专业人员参加了这项研究。参与者的平均（± SD）年龄为 31.03 ± 5.11 岁。研究参与者对感知风险的总体平均得分为 23.59 ± 4.75。研究参与者对感知脆弱性的平均得分（4.01 ± 1.17）高于人类免疫缺陷病毒、普通感冒、疟疾和结核病。关于预防保健行为，戴手套的平均得分最低，为 1.82 ± 1.15。
参与者对冠状病毒病的感知脆弱性平均得分高于该地区一些常见传染病。几乎所有参与者都将推荐的保护措施应用于可接受的水平，除了戴口罩和手套。因此，需要进一步加强更有效的方法，以支持卫生专业人员坚持主要预防措施非常重要。
