Bangladesh Civil Service, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Bangladesh National Nutrition Council, Health Service Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
PLoS One. 2020 Oct 29;15(10):e0241621. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241621. eCollection 2020.
Global epidemiological transition across various countries have documented the coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition. South Asian countries are facing this public health hazard in remarkable manner. To enrich the evidence and relation with women's health in the Maldives, this study was undertaken to examine the prevalence and associated factors of underweight, overweight and obesity among reproductive age women.
This study was conducted utilizing data from the Maldives Demographic and Health Survey 2016-17. After presenting descriptive analyses, multivariable logistic regression analysis method was used to examine the prevalence and associations between different nutritional status categories. These were grouped based on the WHO recommended cut-off value and relevant socio-demographic determinants among reproductive age women.
A total weighted sample of 6,634 reproductive age Maldivian women (15-49 years) were included in the analysis. The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 63%, while the underweight prevalence was 10%. The younger age group (15-24 years) had a higher prevalence of underweight (26%). On the other hand, an overweight and obesity prevalence of 82.6% was observed among the older age group (35-49 years). Regression analysis showed that residents of the North and Central Provinces, those in the higher quintiles of wealth index, married women and those with parity of more than two children, were all significantly negatively correlated to being underweight. Increased age, being married or separated/divorced/widowed and having more than three children was found to have a significant positive association with overweight and obesity.
Maldives is facing nutritional transition and a major public health hazard demonstrated by the high burden of overweight and obesity and persistence of chronic problem of undernutrition. Surveillance of vulnerable individuals with identified socio-demographic factors and cost-effective interventions are highly recommended to address the persistent underweight status and the emerging problem of overweight/obesity.
全球各国的流行病学转型都记录了营养不良和营养过剩的共存。南亚国家正在以显著的方式面临这一公共卫生危害。为了丰富马尔代夫妇女健康方面的证据和关系，本研究旨在检查育龄妇女中体重不足、超重和肥胖的流行情况及其相关因素。
本研究利用 2016-17 年马尔代夫人口与健康调查的数据进行。在呈现描述性分析之后，使用多变量逻辑回归分析方法来检查不同营养状况类别的流行情况及其相关性。这些类别是根据世界卫生组织推荐的截止值以及育龄妇女的相关社会人口决定因素进行分组的。
共纳入了 6634 名加权育龄马尔代夫妇女（15-49 岁）进行分析。超重和肥胖的总体患病率为 63%，而体重不足的患病率为 10%。年龄较小的组（15-24 岁）体重不足的患病率较高（26%）。另一方面，年龄较大的组（35-49 岁）超重和肥胖的患病率为 82.6%。回归分析表明，来自北部和中部省份的居民、财富指数较高五分位数的居民、已婚妇女以及多子女（两个以上孩子）的居民，与体重不足呈显著负相关。年龄增加、已婚或离异/分居/丧偶以及有三个以上孩子，与超重和肥胖呈显著正相关。
马尔代夫正面临营养转型和一个主要的公共卫生危害，表现为超重和肥胖负担沉重，以及慢性营养不良问题持续存在。建议对具有确定社会人口因素的弱势个体进行监测，并采取具有成本效益的干预措施，以解决持续的体重不足问题和新出现的超重/肥胖问题。
