Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran.
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Chemosphere. 2021 May;270:128618. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128618. Epub 2020 Oct 16.
This paper review is aiming to comprehensively identify and appraise the current available knowledge on microbial composition and microbial dynamics in anaerobic digestion with focus on the interconnections between operational parameters and microbial community. We systematically searched Scopus, Web of Science, pubmed and Embase (up to August 2019) with relative keywords to identify English-language studies published in peer-reviewed journals. The data and information on anaerobic reactor configurations, operational parameters such as pretreatment methods, temperature, trace elements, ammonia, organic loading rate, and feedstock composition and their association with the microbial community and microbial dynamics were extracted from eligible articles. Of 306 potential articles, 112 studies met the present review objectives and inclusion criteria. The results indicated that both aceticlastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis are dominant in anaerobic digesters and their relative composition is depending on environmental conditions. However, hydrogenotrophic methanogens are more often observed in extreme conditions due to their higher robustness compared to aceticlastic methangoens. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla are most common fermentative bacteria of the acidogenic phase. These bacteria secrete lytic enzymes to degrade organic matters and are able to survive in extreme conditions and environments due to their spores. In addition, among archaea Methanosaeta, Methanobacterium, and Methanosarcinaceae are found at high relative abundance in anaerobic digesters operated with different operational parameters. Overall, understanding the shifts in microbial composition and diversity as results of operational parameters variation in anaerobic digestion process would improve the stability and process performance.
这篇综述旨在全面识别和评估当前关于厌氧消化中微生物组成和微生物动态的现有知识，重点关注操作参数和微生物群落之间的相互关系。我们系统地检索了 Scopus、Web of Science、pubmed 和 Embase（截至 2019 年 8 月），使用相关关键词来识别发表在同行评议期刊上的英文研究。从合格文章中提取了关于厌氧反应器配置、操作参数（如预处理方法、温度、微量元素、氨、有机负荷率和进料组成）的数据和信息，以及它们与微生物群落和微生物动态的关联。在 306 篇潜在文章中，有 112 篇研究符合本综述的目标和纳入标准。结果表明，乙酸营养型和氢营养型产甲烷作用在厌氧消化器中均占主导地位，其相对组成取决于环境条件。然而，由于氢营养型产甲烷菌比乙酸营养型产甲烷菌具有更高的鲁棒性，因此它们在极端条件下更为常见。厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门是产酸阶段最常见的发酵细菌。这些细菌分泌裂解酶来降解有机物，由于它们的孢子，能够在极端条件和环境中生存。此外，在古菌中，Methanosaeta、Methanobacterium 和 Methanosarcinaceae 在前述不同操作参数下运行的厌氧消化器中相对丰度较高。总体而言，了解微生物组成和多样性因厌氧消化过程中操作参数变化而发生的变化，将提高稳定性和过程性能。
