Guerrieri Ania Naila, Montesi Monica, Sprio Simone, Laranga Roberta, Mercatali Laura, Tampieri Anna, Donati Davide Maria, Lucarelli Enrico
Unit of Orthopaedic Pathology and Osteoarticular Tissue Regeneration, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Faenza, Italy.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2020 Oct 6;8:589964. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.589964. eCollection 2020.
Bone is the third most frequent site of metastasis, with a particular incidence in breast and prostate cancer patients. For example, almost 70% of breast cancer patients develop several bone metastases in the late stage of the disease. Bone metastases are a challenge for clinicians and a burden for patients because they frequently cause pain and can lead to fractures. Unfortunately, current therapeutic options are in most cases only palliative and, although not curative, surgery remains the gold standard for bone metastasis treatment. Surgical intervention mostly provides the replacement of the affected bone with a bioimplant, which can be made by materials of different origins and designed through several techniques that have evolved throughout the years simultaneously with clinical needs. Several scientists and clinicians have worked to develop biomaterials with potentially successful biological and mechanical features, however, only a few of them have actually reached the scope. In this review, we extensively analyze currently available biomaterials-based strategies focusing on the newest and most innovative ideas while aiming to highlight what should be considered both a reliable choice for orthopedic surgeons and a future definitive and curative option for bone metastasis and cancer patients.
骨是第三常见的转移部位，在乳腺癌和前列腺癌患者中尤为常见。例如，几乎70%的乳腺癌患者在疾病晚期会出现多处骨转移。骨转移对临床医生来说是一项挑战，对患者而言是一种负担，因为它们经常引起疼痛并可能导致骨折。不幸的是，目前大多数治疗选择仅为姑息性治疗，尽管不能治愈，但手术仍然是骨转移治疗的金标准。手术干预大多是用生物植入物替换受影响的骨骼，生物植入物可以由不同来源的材料制成，并通过多年来随着临床需求同步发展的多种技术设计而成。几位科学家和临床医生致力于开发具有潜在成功的生物学和力学特性的生物材料，然而，实际上只有少数材料达到了预期目标。在本综述中，我们广泛分析了目前基于生物材料的策略，重点关注最新和最具创新性的理念，同时旨在突出那些既应被骨科医生视为可靠选择，又应成为骨转移和癌症患者未来确定性和治愈性选择的因素。
