Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2021 Mar 1;50(3):20200445. doi: 10.1259/dmfr.20200445. Epub 2020 Oct 30.
To assess the frequency and characteristics (number, complexity, and distance) of head movements, and the perception of discomfort during simulated CBCT examinations in children, considering units with different patient positioning method and head immobilization device combinations.
Forty children (20 boys/20 girls, age range 10-14 years) were video-recorded during simulated CBCT examinations. Children were randomly allocated to a sequence of five CBCT units: Newtom-5G, Orthophos-SL, Cranex-3Dx (patient standing/sitting), and X1. The child scored his/her discomfort perception (visual scale) and the preferred/ill-favored unit. Three observers scored the videos (20% in duplicate): child movement (yes/no), number (<3/≥3/continuous), complexity (uniplanar/multiplanar) and distance (<3 mm/≥3 mm). κ statistics provided intra-/interobserver reproducibility. Severe/extreme motion was defined based on movement characteristics. Chi-square tests assessed the frequency differences of severe/extreme motion among the units, age and operator. Logistic regression analyses with severe/extreme motion as outcome were performed.
The range of ntra- and inter-observer reproducibility for movement observation was 0.78-0.89 and 0.61-0.64, respectively. Between 60% (Newtom-5G) and 100% (X1) of children moved during the examination. Severe/extreme motion was significantly related to unit and age. There was significantly less severe/extreme motion, when the child was in the supine position with a foam headrest as head support. The younger the child, the higher the risk for severe/extreme motion. The majority of the children preferred the unit with the supine position and a foam headrest.
The prevalence of severe and extreme motion was associated with the unit's patient positioning method and head immobilization devices combined, and child age.
评估儿童模拟 CBCT 检查中头部运动的频率和特征（次数、复杂性和距离），以及舒适度感知，同时考虑使用不同患者定位方法和头部固定装置组合的设备。
对 40 名儿童（男/女各 20 名，年龄 10-14 岁）在模拟 CBCT 检查期间进行视频记录。儿童随机分配到五个 CBCT 设备序列中：Newtom-5G、Orthophos-SL、Cranex-3Dx（站立/坐姿）和 X1。儿童对其舒适度感知（视觉量表）和首选/不喜欢的设备进行评分。三名观察者对视频进行评分（20%重复评分）：儿童运动（是/否）、次数（<3/≥3/连续）、复杂性（单平面/多平面）和距离（<3mm/≥3mm）。κ 统计量提供了观察者内/间的可重复性。严重/极度运动是根据运动特征定义的。卡方检验评估了设备、年龄和操作人员之间严重/极度运动的频率差异。使用严重/极度运动作为结果的逻辑回归分析。
运动观察的观察者内和观察者间可重复性范围分别为 0.78-0.89 和 0.61-0.64。在检查过程中，有 60%（Newtom-5G）至 100%（X1）的儿童发生运动。严重/极度运动与设备和年龄显著相关。当儿童仰卧位并用泡沫头枕作为头部支撑时，严重/极度运动明显减少。儿童年龄越小，发生严重/极度运动的风险越高。大多数儿童更喜欢使用仰卧位和泡沫头枕的设备。
严重和极度运动的发生率与设备的患者定位方法和头部固定装置组合以及儿童年龄有关。
