Département des sciences de la santé communautaire, Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, Quebec, Canada.
Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne - Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean sur les Innovations en Santé, Longueuil, Quebec, Canada.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2020 Oct 30;22(12):75. doi: 10.1007/s11920-020-01203-x.
Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental disorders. Although prevalence estimates are lower in males than females, the disability associated with anxiety disorders has been increasing in males. This review focuses on recent research studying sex differences in anxiety disorders and associated symptoms in older adults.
Females are close to three times more likely than males to report most anxiety disorders. Heterogeneity exists in sex-specific lifetime and past-year estimates. Age-appropriate instruments such as the CIDI65+ show higher estimates than previous research. The profiles of females and males with anxiety with respect to depressive and somatization symptoms are different. Age-appropriate standardized mental disorder instruments have been developed and may be useful to overcome the challenges of observed heterogeneity in anxiety disorders and allow for future cross-country comparisons and a better description of the epidemiology and biopsychosocial factors associated with different types of anxiety disorders in older adults.
焦虑障碍是最常见的精神障碍。尽管男性的患病率低于女性，但与焦虑障碍相关的残疾在男性中一直在增加。本综述重点关注最近研究焦虑障碍和老年男性相关症状的性别差异。
女性报告大多数焦虑障碍的可能性是男性的近三倍。特定性别终身和过去一年的估计存在异质性。与年龄相适应的工具，如 CIDI65+，显示出比以前的研究更高的估计。有焦虑症的女性和男性的抑郁和躯体化症状特征不同。与年龄相适应的标准化精神障碍工具已经开发出来，可能有助于克服焦虑障碍中观察到的异质性的挑战，并允许未来的跨国比较和更好地描述与老年人群中不同类型焦虑障碍相关的流行病学和生物心理社会因素。
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