Red de Diversidad Biológica del Occidente Mexicano, Instituto de Ecología A.C., 61600, Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, Mexico.
Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, 58010, Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, Mexico.
Mol Biol Rep. 2020 Nov;47(11):8925-8934. doi: 10.1007/s11033-020-05946-x. Epub 2020 Oct 30.
Hedeoma piperita Benth. is a perennial herb from the Lamiaceae family, which is highly valued for its medicinal and culinary properties by the Purépecha ethnic group in Michoacán, Mexico. The species presents populations of two morphotypes (white and purple corollas) that have not been formally studied. In this work, we aimed to evaluate the morphological and genetic variation between the two morphotypes. We sampled individuals from 15 populations within the Purépecha Plateau in western Mexico to measure 33 quantitative and qualitative morphological variable characters (vegetative and reproductive) and to estimate genetic diversity and structure using six nuclear microsatellite markers. Principal Component Analysis showed a clear separation between populations of the two morphotypes, which differences were statistically significant for all vegetative (n = 11) and reproductive (n = 22) characters. Similarly, Bayesian and multivariate cluster analyses based on the microsatellite data supported the distinction of the two morphotypes, except for one population of the white corolla that was genetically closer to the purple corolla group. Genetic diversity was moderate to low across populations of the two morphotypes, and inbreeding (F) was significantly higher in populations of the purple corolla. Our morphological and genetic data support the presence of two divergent morphotypes in H. piperita. This species is of high importance within the Purépecha culture, but unfortunately is declining in the region due to its high extraction rates. Thus, our results are valuable to delineate germplasm zones for future breeding programs and for informing in situ conservation strategies.
皱叶留兰香（Hedeoma piperita Benth.）是唇形科的一种多年生草本植物，因其药用和食用价值而深受墨西哥米却肯州的普埃布拉族重视。该物种有两种花型（白色和紫色花冠）的种群，但尚未进行正式研究。在这项工作中，我们旨在评估两种花型之间的形态和遗传变异。我们从墨西哥西部普埃布拉高原的 15 个种群中取样，测量了 33 个定量和定性形态变量特征（营养和生殖），并使用 6 个核微卫星标记来估计遗传多样性和结构。主成分分析显示，两种花型的种群之间存在明显的分离，所有营养（n=11）和生殖（n=22）特征的差异均具有统计学意义。同样，基于微卫星数据的贝叶斯和多元聚类分析也支持了两种花型的区分，除了一个白色花冠的种群在遗传上更接近紫色花冠群体。两种花型的种群遗传多样性中等偏低，且紫色花冠种群的近交系数（F）显著较高。我们的形态和遗传数据支持皱叶留兰香存在两种不同的花型。该物种在普埃布拉文化中具有重要地位，但由于其高提取率，在该地区的数量正在减少。因此，我们的研究结果对于划定未来繁殖计划的种质区和告知就地保护策略具有重要意义。
