Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno - Reno, NV.
J Med Entomol. 2021 Mar 12;58(2):699-707. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjaa216.
Many species distribution maps indicate the ranges of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) overlap in Florida despite the well-documented range reduction of Ae. aegypti. Within the last 30 yr, competitive displacement of Ae. aegypti by Ae. albopictus has resulted in partial spatial segregation of the two species, with Ae. aegypti persisting primarily in urban refugia. We modeled fine-scale distributions of both species, with the goal of capturing the outcome of interspecific competition across space by building habitat suitability maps. We empirically parameterized models by sampling 59 sites in south and central Florida over time and incorporated climatic, landscape, and human population data to identify predictors of habitat suitability for both species. Our results show human density, precipitation, and urban land cover drive Ae. aegypti habitat suitability, compared with exclusively climatic variables driving Ae. albopictus habitat suitability. Remotely sensed variables (macrohabitat) were more predictive than locally collected metrics (microhabitat), although recorded minimum daily temperature showed significant, inverse relationships with both species. We detected minor Aedes habitat segregation; some periurban areas that were highly suitable for Ae. albopictus were unsuitable for Ae. aegypti. Fine-scale empirical models like those presented here have the potential for precise risk assessment and the improvement of operational applications to control container-breeding Aedes mosquitoes.
许多物种分布图谱表明，尽管埃及伊蚊的分布范围已被充分记录，但其与白纹伊蚊在佛罗里达州仍有重叠。在过去的 30 年中，埃及伊蚊已被白纹伊蚊所取代，这导致了两种蚊种的部分空间隔离，埃及伊蚊主要存在于城市避难所。我们构建了这两个物种的精细分布模型，旨在通过构建栖息地适宜性图来捕捉物种间竞争的空间结果。我们通过在佛罗里达州南部和中部随时间采集 59 个样本对模型进行了实证参数化，并纳入了气候、景观和人口数据，以确定两种物种栖息地适宜性的预测因子。结果表明，与仅由气候变量驱动的白纹伊蚊相比，人类密度、降水和城市土地覆被是影响埃及伊蚊栖息地适宜性的因素。与本地收集的指标（小气候）相比，遥感变量（大气候）更具预测性，尽管记录的最低日温与两种蚊种都呈显著的负相关关系。我们检测到了微小的埃及伊蚊栖息地隔离；一些适合白纹伊蚊的城郊地区不适合埃及伊蚊。像这里提出的精细尺度经验模型具有精确风险评估的潜力，并可改进控制容器滋生埃及伊蚊的操作应用。
