Department of Civil Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, India.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, India.
J Hazard Mater. 2021 Feb 15;404(Pt B):124201. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124201. Epub 2020 Oct 7.
Radiation Shielding Concrete (RSC) is a superior alternative to many conventional and modern shields against gamma and neutron radiation hazards. The present work is the first comprehensive review on utilization of alternate materials, emphasizing hazardous industrial byproducts, as constituents of RSC. Such usage enhances the performance, sustainability, and affordability of RSC. Added advantages are the immobilization of wastes and the conservation of natural resources for RSC. The review analyses incorporation of ferrous and non-ferrous slags, mines wastes, plastics, red mud, cathode ray tube's glass, metallic wastes, fly ash, silica fume, and miscellaneous residues. Besides, utilization of fibers, nanoparticles, and calcined clay is investigated. The influence on shielding efficiency is adjudged by scrutinizing changes in parameters such as half-value layer and linear attenuation coefficients. Similarly, variations in mechanical and durability properties are investigated and compared. The underlying responsible factors related to the physical, chemical and morphological characteristics of materials and their consequences on RSC's behavior are correlated. In association with alternatives, the advantages, disadvantages, and possible treatment methods are discussed. The country-wise, material-specific, and progressive research trends are revealed to facilitate future work in this upcoming field. Finally, conclusions are drawn with exposition of current bottlenecks and scope of future research.
辐射屏蔽混凝土（RSC）是许多传统和现代伽马和中子辐射防护的优越替代品。本工作是首次全面综述利用替代材料，强调危险工业副产品作为 RSC 的组成部分。这种使用提高了 RSC 的性能、可持续性和可负担性。额外的优点是废物的固定化和自然资源的保护。综述分析了铁和非铁渣、矿山废物、塑料、赤泥、阴极射线管玻璃、金属废物、粉煤灰、硅灰和各种残渣的掺入。此外，还研究了纤维、纳米粒子和煅烧粘土的利用。通过仔细研究半值层和线性衰减系数等参数的变化来判断对屏蔽效率的影响。同样，还研究和比较了机械和耐久性性能的变化。相关因素与材料的物理、化学和形态特征有关，并与 RSC 的行为后果有关。结合替代品，讨论了优点、缺点和可能的处理方法。揭示了国家、材料和渐进研究趋势，以促进该新兴领域的未来工作。最后，得出结论并阐述了当前的瓶颈和未来研究的范围。
