Latorre-Pérez Adriel, Pascual Javier, Porcar Manuel, Vilanova Cristina
Darwin Bioprospecting Excellence SL, Valencia, Spain.
Institute for Integrative Systems Biology, I2SysBio, University of Valencia-CSIC, Valencia, Spain.
Biol Methods Protoc. 2020 Aug 20;5(1):bpaa016. doi: 10.1093/biomethods/bpaa016. eCollection 2020.
High-throughput metagenomic sequencing is considered one of the main technologies fostering the development of microbial ecology. Widely used second-generation sequencers have enabled the analysis of extremely diverse microbial communities, the discovery of novel gene functions, and the comprehension of the metabolic interconnections established among microbial consortia. However, the high cost of the sequencers and the complexity of library preparation and sequencing protocols still hamper the application of metagenomic sequencing in a vast range of real-life applications. In this context, the emergence of portable, third-generation sequencers is becoming a popular alternative for the rapid analysis of microbial communities in particular scenarios, due to their low cost, simplicity of operation, and rapid yield of results. This review discusses the main applications of real-time, metagenomic sequencing developed to date, highlighting the relevance of this technology in current challenges (such as the management of global pathogen outbreaks) and in the next future of industry and clinical diagnosis.
高通量宏基因组测序被认为是推动微生物生态学发展的主要技术之一。广泛使用的第二代测序仪能够分析极其多样的微生物群落，发现新的基因功能，并理解微生物群落之间建立的代谢相互联系。然而，测序仪的高成本以及文库制备和测序方案的复杂性仍然阻碍了宏基因组测序在广泛的实际应用中的应用。在这种背景下，便携式第三代测序仪的出现正成为在特定场景中快速分析微生物群落的一种流行选择，因为它们成本低、操作简单且结果产出迅速。本综述讨论了迄今为止开发的实时宏基因组测序的主要应用，强调了该技术在当前挑战（如全球病原体爆发的管理）以及未来工业和临床诊断中的相关性。
