Xiu Yuwen, Field Martha S
Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Curr Dev Nutr. 2020 Sep 25;4(10):nzaa153. doi: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa153. eCollection 2020 Oct.
Folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism (FOCM) is compartmentalized within human cells to the cytosol, nucleus, and mitochondria. The recent identifications of mitochondria-specific, folate-dependent thymidylate [deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP)] synthesis together with discoveries indicating the critical role of mitochondrial FOCM in cancer progression have renewed interest in understanding this metabolic pathway. The goal of this narrative review is to summarize recent advances in the field of one-carbon metabolism, with an emphasis on the biological importance of mitochondrial FOCM in maintaining mitochondrial DNA integrity and mitochondrial function, as well as the reprogramming of mitochondrial FOCM in cancer. Elucidation of the roles and regulation of mitochondrial FOCM will contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying folate-associated pathologies.
叶酸介导的一碳代谢（FOCM）在人体细胞内被分隔到胞质溶胶、细胞核和线粒体中。最近对线粒体特异性、叶酸依赖性胸苷酸[脱氧胸苷单磷酸（dTMP）]合成的鉴定，以及表明线粒体FOCM在癌症进展中起关键作用的发现，重新激发了人们对理解这一代谢途径的兴趣。本叙述性综述的目的是总结一碳代谢领域的最新进展，重点是线粒体FOCM在维持线粒体DNA完整性和线粒体功能方面的生物学重要性，以及癌症中线粒体FOCM的重编程。阐明线粒体FOCM的作用和调节将有助于更好地理解叶酸相关病理学的潜在机制。
