Kyriakopoulos Anthony M, Papaefthymiou Apostolis, Georgilas Nikolaos, Doulberis Michael, Kountouras Jannis
Department of Research and Development, Nasco AD Biotechnology Laboratory, Piraeus 18536, Greece.
Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Larisa, Larisa 41110, Greece.
Arch Acad Emerg Med. 2020 Sep 21;8(1):e74. eCollection 2020.
Coronaviruses, members of family, cause extensive epidemics of vast diseases like severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) in animals and humans. Super spread events (SSEs) potentiate early outbreak of the disease and its constant spread in later stages. Viral recombination events within species and across hosts lead to natural selection based on advanced infectivity and resistance. In this review, the importance of containment of SSEs was investigated with emphasis on stopping COVID-19 spread and its socio-economic consequences. A comprehensive search was conducted among literature available in multiple electronic sources to find articles that addressed the "potential role of SSEs on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) pandemic" and were published before 20 of August 2020. Overall, ninety-eight articles were found eligible and reviewed. Specific screening strategies within potential super spreading host groups can also help to efficiently manage severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) epidemics, in contrast to the partially effective general restriction measures. The effect of SSEs on previous SARS epidemics has been documented in detail. However, the respective potential impact of SSEs on SARS-COV-2 outbreak is composed and presented in the current review, thereby implying the warranted effort required for effective SSE preventive strategies, which may lead to overt global community health benefits. This is crucial for SARS-COV-2 pandemic containment as the vaccine(s) development process will take considerable time to safely establish its potential usefulness for future clinical usage.
冠状病毒是该病毒家族的成员，可在动物和人类中引发诸如严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）和冠状病毒病-19（COVID-19）等广泛的重大疾病流行。超级传播事件（SSEs）会加速疾病的早期爆发及其在后期的持续传播。物种内部和宿主之间的病毒重组事件会基于更高的传染性和抗性导致自然选择。在本综述中，研究了控制超级传播事件的重要性，重点是阻止COVID-19的传播及其社会经济后果。我们在多个电子资源中可获取的文献中进行了全面检索，以查找涉及“SSEs对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）大流行的潜在作用”且于2020年8月20日之前发表的文章。总体而言，共找到98篇符合条件的文章并进行了综述。与部分有效的一般限制措施相比，在潜在超级传播宿主群体中采用特定的筛查策略也有助于有效管理严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）疫情。SSEs对先前SARS疫情的影响已得到详细记录。然而，SSEs对SARS-CoV-2爆发的各自潜在影响在本综述中进行了梳理和呈现，从而意味着需要为有效的SSE预防策略付出必要的努力，这可能会给全球社区健康带来明显益处。这对于控制SARS-CoV-2大流行至关重要，因为疫苗研发过程需要相当长的时间才能安全确定其对未来临床应用的潜在效用。
