Castelán-Sánchez Hugo Gildardo, Meza-Rodríguez Pablo M, Carrillo Erika, Ríos-Vázquez David I, Liñan-Torres Arturo, Batista-García Ramón Alberto, Pérez-Rueda Ernesto, Rojas-Ruíz Norma Elena, Dávila-Ramos Sonia
Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico.
Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, del Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico.
Microorganisms. 2020 Oct 29;8(11):1677. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8111677.
Terrestrial thermal springs are widely distributed globally, and these springs harbor a broad diversity of organisms of biotechnological interest. In Mexico, few studies exploring this kind of environment have been described. In this work, we explore the microbial community in Chignahuapan hot springs, which provides clues to understand these ecosystems' diversity. We assessed the diversity of the microorganism communities in a hot spring environment with a metagenomic shotgun approach. Besides identifying similarities and differences with other ecosystems, we achieved a systematic comparison against 11 metagenomic samples from diverse localities. The Chignahuapan hot springs show a particular prevalence of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria from the genera , , , , , and , highlighting those that are different from other recovered bacterial populations in circumneutral hot springs environments around the world. The co-occurrence analysis of the bacteria and viruses in these environments revealed that within the , , , and genera, the Chignahuapan samples have specific species of bacteria with a particular abundance, such as . The viruses in the circumneutral hot springs present bacteriophages within the order Caudovirales (Siphoviridae, Myoviridae, and Podoviridae), but the family of Herelleviridae was the most abundant in Chignahuapan samples. Furthermore, viral auxiliary metabolic genes were identified, many of which contribute mainly to the metabolism of cofactors and vitamins as well as carbohydrate metabolism. Nevertheless, the viruses and bacteria present in the circumneutral environments contribute to the sulfur cycle. This work represents an exhaustive characterization of a community structure in samples collected from hot springs in Mexico and opens opportunities to identify organisms of biotechnological interest.
陆地温泉在全球广泛分布，这些温泉中蕴藏着种类繁多的具有生物技术研究价值的生物。在墨西哥，对这类环境进行探索的研究描述较少。在这项工作中，我们对奇尼亚瓦潘温泉的微生物群落进行了探索，这为了解这些生态系统的多样性提供了线索。我们采用宏基因组鸟枪法评估了温泉环境中微生物群落的多样性。除了确定与其他生态系统的异同，我们还与来自不同地区的11个宏基因组样本进行了系统比较。奇尼亚瓦潘温泉中，硫氧化细菌属、、、、、和的细菌尤为普遍，突出了那些与世界其他中性温泉环境中 recovered 细菌种群不同的细菌。对这些环境中细菌和病毒的共现分析表明，在、、和属中，奇尼亚瓦潘样本中有特定种类的细菌，其丰度特定，如。中性温泉中的病毒在有尾噬菌体目（长尾噬菌体科、肌尾噬菌体科和短尾噬菌体科）内存在噬菌体，但赫勒病毒科在奇尼亚瓦潘样本中最为丰富。此外，还鉴定出了病毒辅助代谢基因，其中许多主要参与辅因子和维生素的代谢以及碳水化合物代谢。然而，中性环境中存在的病毒和细菌对硫循环有贡献。这项工作对从墨西哥温泉采集的样本中的群落结构进行了详尽的表征，并为鉴定具有生物技术研究价值的生物提供了机会。
