Kure Jakob L, Andersen Camilla B, Mortensen Kim I, Wiseman Paul W, Arnspang Eva C
SDU Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.
DTU Health Tech, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, Building 345C, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
Membranes (Basel). 2020 Oct 29;10(11):314. doi: 10.3390/membranes10110314.
Nano-domains are sub-light-diffraction-sized heterogeneous areas in the plasma membrane of cells, which are involved in cell signalling and membrane trafficking. Throughout the last thirty years, these nano-domains have been researched extensively and have been the subject of multiple theories and models: the lipid raft theory, the fence model, and the protein oligomerization theory. Strong evidence exists for all of these, and consequently they were combined into a hierarchal model. Measurements of protein and lipid diffusion coefficients and patterns have been instrumental in plasma membrane research and by extension in nano-domain research. This has led to the development of multiple methodologies that can measure diffusion and confinement parameters including single particle tracking, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, image correlation spectroscopy and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. Here we review the performance and strengths of these methods in the context of their use in identification and characterization of plasma membrane nano-domains.
纳米域是细胞质膜中小于光衍射尺寸的异质区域，参与细胞信号传导和膜运输。在过去三十年中，这些纳米域得到了广泛研究，并成为多种理论和模型的主题：脂筏理论、栅栏模型和蛋白质寡聚化理论。所有这些都有强有力的证据，因此它们被整合到一个层次模型中。蛋白质和脂质扩散系数及模式的测量在质膜研究中发挥了重要作用，进而在纳米域研究中也起到了重要作用。这导致了多种能够测量扩散和限制参数的方法的发展，包括单粒子追踪、荧光相关光谱、图像相关光谱和光漂白后荧光恢复。在此，我们在用于识别和表征质膜纳米域的背景下回顾这些方法的性能和优势。
