Cloyd Raymond A
Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Insects. 2020 Oct 29;11(11):744. doi: 10.3390/insects11110744.
Organic crop production systems are designed to enhance or preserve the presence of natural enemies, including parasitoids and predators, by means of conservation biological control, which involves providing environments and habitats that sustain natural enemy assemblages. Conservation biological control can be accomplished by providing flowering plants (floral resources) that will attract and retain natural enemies. Natural enemies, in turn, will regulate existing insect pest populations to levels that minimize plant damage. However, evidence is not consistent, based on the scientific literature, that providing natural enemies with flowering plants will result in an abundance of natural enemies sufficient to regulate insect pest populations below economically damaging levels. The reason that conservation biological control has not been found to sufficiently regulate insect pest populations in organic crop production systems across the scientific literature is associated with complex interactions related to intraguild predation, the emission of plant volatiles, weed diversity, and climate and ecosystem resources across locations where studies have been conducted.
有机作物生产系统旨在通过保护生物防治来增强或维持包括寄生蜂和捕食性天敌在内的天敌的存在，这涉及提供能够维持天敌群落的环境和栖息地。保护生物防治可以通过提供能吸引和留住天敌的开花植物（花卉资源）来实现。反过来，天敌会将现有的害虫种群数量调节到使植物损害最小化的水平。然而，根据科学文献，为天敌提供开花植物是否会导致天敌数量充足，从而将害虫种群数量调节到经济损害水平以下，证据并不一致。在整个科学文献中，尚未发现保护生物防治能在有机作物生产系统中充分调节害虫种群数量，其原因与种内捕食、植物挥发物排放、杂草多样性以及进行研究的不同地点的气候和生态系统资源等复杂相互作用有关。
