Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2020 Dec 17;533(4):1505-1511. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.09.110. Epub 2020 Nov 1.
In rodents, hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptogenesis phenomena are affected by exercise. However, the role of exercise parameters such as intensity, duration, and mode on molecular mechanisms involved in these processes has not been elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the effects of different intensities and modes of running on the expression of genes contributing to neuronal differentiation and synapse formation in the hippocampus of adult male rats. Adult male Wistar rats (n = 24) were randomly divided into control, low-intensity running (LIR), high-intensity running (HIR), and the voluntary wheel running (WR) conditions. Changes in the expression of microRNA-124 (miR-124), microRNA-132 (miR-132), and their respective targets, were analyzed using quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting techniques. Our results showed that WR compared to treadmill running increased miR-124 and miR-132 expression, while reducing the expression of their respective targets, glucocorticoid receptor (GR), SRY-Box 9 (SOX9), and GTP-activated protein P250 (P250GAP). Differences in expression levels were statistically significant (ps < 0.05), except for the expression of GR in HIR (P = 0.09). Moreover, the expression level of gene coding for the transcription factor cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) was significantly higher in the WR group compared to the treadmill running groups (P = 0.001). Western blotting techniques indicated that the level of the CREB protein was higher in WR compared to the other groups qualitatively. These findings demonstrated a more dramatic effect for voluntary running on biomarkers that are associated with stimulating neurogenesis and synapse formation in the hippocampus of male rats compared with forced treadmill running. In addition, greater positive effects were observed for lower-intensity treadmill running as compared with high-intensity running.
在啮齿动物中，海马体的神经发生和突触形成现象受运动的影响。然而，运动参数（如强度、持续时间和模式）对参与这些过程的分子机制的作用尚未阐明。在这项研究中，我们评估了不同强度和模式的跑步对成年雄性大鼠海马体中参与神经元分化和突触形成的基因表达的影响。将成年雄性 Wistar 大鼠（n=24）随机分为对照组、低强度跑步（LIR）组、高强度跑步（HIR）组和自愿轮跑（WR）组。使用定量 RT-PCR 和 Western 印迹技术分析微 RNA-124（miR-124）和微 RNA-132（miR-132）及其各自靶标的表达变化。我们的结果表明，与跑步机跑步相比，WR 增加了 miR-124 和 miR-132 的表达，同时降低了它们各自的靶标，糖皮质激素受体（GR）、SRY-Box 9（SOX9）和 GTP 激活蛋白 P250（P250GAP）的表达。除了 HIR 中的 GR 表达（P=0.09）外，差异在统计学上具有显著性（p<0.05）。此外，与跑步机跑步组相比，WR 组的 cAMP 反应元件结合蛋白（CREB）基因编码的转录因子表达水平显著升高（P=0.001）。Western 印迹技术表明，与其他组相比，WR 组的 CREB 蛋白水平更高。这些发现表明，与强迫跑步机跑步相比，自愿跑步对雄性大鼠海马体中与刺激神经发生和突触形成相关的生物标志物具有更显著的影响。此外，与高强度跑步相比，低强度跑步机跑步观察到更大的积极影响。
