Biondo Monica V, Burki Rainer P
Fondation Franz Weber 1, 3011 Bern, Switzerland.
asdfg IT 2, 3204 Rosshäusern, Switzerland.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Nov 1;10(11):2014. doi: 10.3390/ani10112014.
The multi-billion dollar trade in ornamental fishes has rarely been reliably monitored. Almost all coral reef fishes are wild-caught, and few scientific analyses have attempted to elicit exact quantities and identify species involved. The consequences of the removal of millions of these fishes are poorly understood. This article collates and examines available information, including scientific studies and formal publications, in order to create a more accurate picture of this commerce. We demonstrate that it is almost impossible to analyse the trade in marine ornamental fishes due to a lack of data, and that available data for marine species is frequently combined with that for freshwater species. Figures range from 15 to 30 million coral reef fishes being traded annually, but could be as high as 150 million specimens. The global value of this trade was only estimated for 1976 and 1999 between USD 28-40 million. This review highlights the urgent need to introduce a specific harmonised system tariff code and for a global monitoring system, such as the Trade Control and Expert System already in use in Europe, in order to gather accurate and timely information on the number and species of marine ornamental fishes in commerce, where specimens originated, and whether they were wild-caught or captive-bred.
价值数十亿美元的观赏鱼贸易很少得到可靠监测。几乎所有珊瑚礁鱼类都是野生捕捞的，很少有科学分析试图得出确切数量并确定所涉物种。数百万条此类鱼类被捕捞的后果鲜为人知。本文整理并审视了现有信息，包括科学研究和正式出版物，以便更准确地描绘这一贸易情况。我们表明，由于缺乏数据，几乎不可能分析海洋观赏鱼贸易，而且海洋物种的现有数据经常与淡水物种的数据混在一起。每年交易的珊瑚礁鱼类数量估计在1500万至3000万条之间，但可能高达1.5亿条。该贸易的全球价值仅在1976年和1999年进行过估计，在2800万至4000万美元之间。本综述强调迫切需要引入特定的统一系统关税代码，并建立一个全球监测系统，如欧洲已经在使用的贸易控制和专家系统，以便收集有关商业中海洋观赏鱼的数量和种类、标本来源地以及它们是野生捕捞还是人工养殖的准确及时信息。
