Cheong L
Primary Production Department, Singapore, Singapore.
Rev Sci Tech. 1996 Jun;15(2):445-81. doi: 10.20506/rst.15.2.935.
The value of international trade in ornamental fish in 1992 was US$247 million, based on import statistics, or US$140 million, based on export statistics. Between 1983 and 1992, annual growth of imports and exports averaged 21% and 16%, respectively. More than 100 countries are involved in this trade. The top five exporting countries in 1992 were Singapore (32%), Hong Kong (11%), the United States of America (USA) (11%), the Netherlands (7%) and Germany (6%). The top five importing countries were the USA (26%), Japan (17%), Germany (9%), the United Kingdom (9%) and France (7%). The bulk of ornamental fish trade internationally are freshwater in origin and farm-bred. Marine ornamental fish species and invertebrates are mainly wild-caught. An estimated one billion ornamental fish are exported annually, involving one thousand species or more. Mass-cultured fish species - e.g. guppy, tetra, angel, swordtail, platy, goldfish, koi - have long been established in the market and will continue to constitute the major market share. The author discusses the results of a trial on quality enhancement of the shipment of guppies, and makes recommendations on treatment to minimise stress and disease transmission.
根据进口统计数据，1992年观赏鱼国际贸易额为2.47亿美元；根据出口统计数据，则为1.4亿美元。1983年至1992年间，进出口的年增长率分别平均为21%和16%。超过100个国家参与了这项贸易。1992年，前五大出口国分别是新加坡（32%）、中国香港（11%）、美国（11%）、荷兰（7%）和德国（6%）。前五大进口国是美国（26%）、日本（17%）、德国（9%）、英国（9%）和法国（7%）。国际观赏鱼贸易的大部分产品源自淡水且为人工养殖。海洋观赏鱼品种和无脊椎动物主要是野生捕捞的。估计每年出口10亿条观赏鱼，涉及1000种或更多品种。大规模养殖的鱼类品种——如孔雀鱼、灯科鱼、神仙鱼、剑尾鱼、月光鱼、金鱼、锦鲤——早已在市场上站稳脚跟，并将继续占据主要市场份额。作者讨论了一项关于提高孔雀鱼运输质量的试验结果，并就尽量减少压力和疾病传播的处理方法提出了建议。
