School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2021 Jan 1;166:818-838. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.239. Epub 2020 Nov 2.
Nanostructured materials represent an interesting and novel class of support matrices for the immobilization of different enzymes. Owing to the high surface area, robust mechanical stability, outstanding optical, thermal, and electrical properties, nanomaterials have been rightly perceived as desired immobilization matrices for lipases immobilization with a wide array of biotechnological applications such as dairy, food technology, fine chemical, pharmaceutical, detergent, and oleochemical industries. Lipases immobilized on nanomaterials have demonstrated superior attributes than free counterparts, such as aggrandized pH and thermal stability, robustness, long-term stability, and the possibility of reuse and recycling in several times. Here we review current and state-of-the-art literature on the use of nanomaterials as novel platforms for the immobilization of lipase enzymes. The physicochemical properties and exploitation of a large number of new nanostructured materials such as carbon nanotubes, nano-silica, graphene/graphene oxide, metal nanoparticles, magnetic nanostructures, metal-organic frameworks, and hybrid nanoflowers as a host matrix to constitute robust lipases-based nanobiocatalytic systems are discussed. Conclusive remarks, trends, and future recommendations for nanomaterial immobilized enzymes are also given.
纳米结构材料是一种非常有趣且新颖的载体基质，可用于固定不同的酶。由于具有高比表面积、稳健的机械稳定性、出色的光学、热学和电学性能，纳米材料已被广泛认为是理想的固定化基质，可用于固定化脂肪酶，在乳品、食品技术、精细化工、制药、洗涤剂和油脂化学等多个领域具有广泛的生物技术应用。固定在纳米材料上的脂肪酶比游离酶具有更优越的特性，例如增强的 pH 和热稳定性、稳健性、长期稳定性以及多次重复使用和回收的可能性。在这里，我们综述了当前和最先进的文献，介绍了纳米材料作为新型平台用于固定脂肪酶的应用。讨论了大量新型纳米结构材料的物理化学性质和应用，如碳纳米管、纳米二氧化硅、石墨烯/氧化石墨烯、金属纳米粒子、磁性纳米结构、金属有机骨架和杂化纳米花，作为宿主基质构成稳健的基于脂肪酶的纳米生物催化体系。还给出了纳米材料固定化酶的结论、趋势和未来建议。
