Martínez-Silván Daniel, Wik Eirik Halvorsen, Alonso Juan Manuel, Jeanguyot Evan, Salcinovic Benjamin, Johnson Amanda, Cardinale Marco
National Sports Medicine Program, Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
Aspire Academy Sports Medicine Center, Aspire Academy, Doha, Qatar.
Br J Sports Med. 2021 Sep;55(17):954-960. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-102373. Epub 2020 Nov 3.
To describe the injury characteristics of male youth athletes exposed to year-round athletics programmes.
Injury surveillance data were prospectively collected by medical staff in a cohort of youth athletics athletes participating in a full-time sports academy from 2014-2015 to 2018-2019. Time-loss injuries (>1 day) were recorded following consensus procedures for athletics. Athletes were clustered into five event groups (sprints, jumps, endurance, throws and non-specialised) and the number of completed training and competition sessions (athletics exposures (AE)) were calculated for each athlete per completed season (one athlete season). Injury characteristics were reported overall and by event groups as injury incidence (injuries per 1000 AE) and injury burden (days lost per 1000 AE).
One-hundred and seventy-eight boys (14.9±1.8 years old) completed 391 athlete seasons, sustaining 290 injuries. The overall incidence was 4.0 injuries per 1000 AE and the overall burden was 79.1 days lost per 1000 AE. The thigh was the most common injury location (19%). Muscle strains (0.7 injuries per 1000 AE) and bone stress injuries (0.5 injuries per 1000 AE) presented the highest incidence and stress fractures the highest burden (17.6 days lost per 1000 AE). The most burdensome injury types by event group were: bone stress injuries for endurance, hamstring strains for sprints, stress fractures for jumps, lesion of meniscus/cartilage for throws and growth plate injuries for non-specialised athletes.
Acute muscle strains, stress fractures and bone stress injuries were identified as the main injury concerns in this cohort of young male athletics athletes. The injury characteristics differed between event groups.
描述参与全年田径项目的男性青年运动员的损伤特征。
2014 - 2015年至2018 - 2019年期间，医务人员对一群参加全日制体育学院的青年田径运动员进行前瞻性损伤监测数据收集。按照田径项目的共识程序记录误工损伤（>1天）。运动员被分为五个项目组（短跑、跳跃、耐力、投掷和非专项），计算每个运动员每个完整赛季（一个运动员赛季）完成的训练和比赛场次（田径暴露次数（AE））。总体及按项目组报告损伤特征，以损伤发生率（每1000次AE的损伤数）和损伤负担（每1000次AE的误工天数）表示。
178名男孩（14.9±1.8岁）完成了391个运动员赛季，共发生290例损伤。总体发生率为每1000次AE有4.0例损伤，总体负担为每1000次AE误工79.1天。大腿是最常见的损伤部位（19%）。肌肉拉伤（每1000次AE有0.7例损伤）和骨应力损伤（每1000次AE有0.5例损伤）发生率最高，应力性骨折负担最重（每1000次AE误工17.6天）。按项目组划分，最具负担的损伤类型为：耐力项目的骨应力损伤、短跑项目的腘绳肌拉伤、跳跃项目的应力性骨折、投掷项目的半月板/软骨损伤以及非专项运动员的生长板损伤。
急性肌肉拉伤、应力性骨折和骨应力损伤被确定为这群年轻男性田径运动员的主要损伤问题。不同项目组的损伤特征有所不同。
