Faculdade de Medicina de Marília , Departamento de Parasitologia , Marília , São Paulo , Brazil.
Universidade de Marília , Grupo de Estudo em Envelhecimento e Obesidade , Marília , São Paulo , Brazil.
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2020 Oct 30;62:e80. doi: 10.1590/S1678-9946202062080. eCollection 2020.
Leishmaniasis comprises a group of zoonotic diseases caused by protozoa belonging to the Leishmania genus, noting that the visceral form is the most severe and lethal, if untreated. Nowadays visceral leishmaniasis is widespread in Brazil and the Adamantina microregion, located in the west of Sao Paulo State, has been affected by Human American Visceral Leishmaniasis (HAVL) since 2004. We evaluated the epidemiological profile of HAVL in the Adamantina microregion through a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and established its incidence rate by location and time. Notified cases were provided by the Sao Paulo State Epidemiological Surveillance Center. Home addresses of patients who tested positive to HAVL were converted into geographic coordinates through the Google Geocoding Application Programming Interface submitted to ArcMap 10.5 System for georeferencing. Kernel spatial analyses were performed to obtain the incidence distribution and the total area involvement rate. From 2004 to 2018, 325 cases of HAVL were diagnosed in 11 of the 12 municipalities belonging to the of Adamantina microregion. The disease has disseminated to the Northwest and East-Southeast directions, taking place along the Comandante Joao Ribeiro de Barros highway, with higher incidences rates in the municipalities where the highway passes. HAVL incidence was higher in children aged between 0 to 9 years and in the elderly; there was no difference in relation to sex and the majority of cases were located in urban areas. The determination of the epidemiological profile and the the spread of disease patterns can indicate possible areas of vulnerability, in order to contribute to the management and prevention of the disease through a strategic resources optimization.
利什曼病包括一组由原生动物引起的人畜共患病，属于利什曼属，注意内脏形式是最严重和致命的，如果不治疗。如今，内脏利什曼病在巴西广泛传播，位于圣保罗州西部的阿达芒蒂纳微区自 2004 年以来一直受到人类内脏利什曼病（HAVL）的影响。我们通过地理信息系统（GIS）评估了阿达芒蒂纳微区 HAVL 的流行病学特征，并按地点和时间确定了其发病率。由圣保罗州流行病学监测中心提供已报告病例。通过谷歌地理编码应用程序编程接口将 HAVL 检测呈阳性的患者的家庭住址转换为地理坐标，并提交给 ArcMap 10.5 系统进行地理参考。进行核空间分析以获得发病率分布和总面积感染率。2004 年至 2018 年，在属于阿达芒蒂纳微区的 12 个城市中的 11 个城市中诊断出 325 例 HAVL。该疾病已向西北和东南方向扩散，沿着指挥官若昂·里贝罗·德巴罗斯公路发生，公路经过的城市发病率较高。0 至 9 岁儿童和老年人 HAVL 发病率较高；性别无差异，大多数病例位于城市地区。确定流行病学特征和疾病传播模式可以指示可能的脆弱地区，以便通过优化战略资源为疾病的管理和预防做出贡献。
