Su Xin, Chang Dong
Department of Cardiology, The Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Department of Cardiology, The Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Clin Chim Acta. 2020 Dec;511:243-247. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.10.028. Epub 2020 Oct 22.
Positive calorie balance disrupts the function of visceral adipose tissue, including the cardiac adipose tissue and the perivascular adipose tissue. The inflammatory and hormonal factors, which are released from adipose tissue, play a central role in inter-organ cross talk, affecting the development of obesity. Excess fat in visceral adipocytes impairs endocrine as well as immune response, leading to multiple aberrant status and posing serious risks to the future health of humans. As confirmed in previous studies, up-regulated pro-inflammatory and down-regulated anti-inflammatory cytokines disturb the communication among muscle, liver, and vasculature. In other words, adiposopathy promote cardio-metabolic risk factors, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and pro-thrombotic state, which in turn directly and indirectly promote cardio-metabolic disorder diseases. Increasing evidence from human and animal studies has shown that physical activity restores the size of adipocytes and helps in re-browning of white adipose tissue (WAT). This review summarizes the current evidence on the roles of adiposopathy on cardio-metabolic disorder diseases and the importance of physical activity in restoring the function of adipocytes.
正卡路里平衡会破坏内脏脂肪组织的功能，包括心脏脂肪组织和血管周围脂肪组织。脂肪组织释放的炎症和激素因子在器官间的相互作用中起核心作用，影响肥胖的发展。内脏脂肪细胞中的过多脂肪会损害内分泌以及免疫反应，导致多种异常状态，并对人类未来健康构成严重风险。如先前研究所证实的，促炎细胞因子上调和抗炎细胞因子下调会干扰肌肉、肝脏和血管系统之间的通讯。换句话说，脂肪组织病变会促进心血管代谢风险因素，如动脉粥样硬化、高血压、胰岛素抵抗、血脂异常和血栓前状态，而这些因素反过来又直接或间接促进心血管代谢紊乱疾病。来自人类和动物研究的越来越多的证据表明，体育活动可恢复脂肪细胞的大小，并有助于白色脂肪组织（WAT）的再褐变。本综述总结了目前关于脂肪组织病变对心血管代谢紊乱疾病作用的证据，以及体育活动在恢复脂肪细胞功能方面的重要性。
