Abuliezi R, Kondo A, Qian H L
International Nursing Development, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Int Nurs Rev. 2021 Mar;68(1):99-107. doi: 10.1111/inr.12640. Epub 2020 Nov 5.
To conduct a systematic review to understand the experiences of foreign-educated nurses in Japan.
The experiences of foreign nurses in host countries, and the challenges they face, have been widely investigated around the world. However, no systematic review has focused on the experience of foreign-educated nurses in Japan.
A systematic literature review was conducted by following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Guidelines. Japan Medical Abstract Society, Citation Information by National Institute of Informatics, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and PubMed databases were used for the literature search. Inclusion criteria were research articles published between 2013 and 2020 written in Japanese or English. A quality assessment was performed using Version 2018 of the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Selected articles were read repeatedly, and relevant contents were extracted and summarized thematically.
Twenty-five studies were selected for the review. The themes generated included (1) reasons for nurses to come to Japan, (2) experiences and current situations among the Economic Partnership Agreement nurses/nurse candidates living in Japan, and (3) experiences and current situation of nurses who had returned to their home countries. The second theme was classified into four categories: language and communication barriers, low pass rates for the national qualification exam, adaptation to workplaces and social environments, and psychological distress.
Foreign nurses in Japan face various challenges and difficulties, even after they return to their home countries. Solving these problems may improve the wellbeing of foreign-educated nurses in Japan.
The results from the current review highlight the necessity for immediate intervention by policymakers to improve the current support system for Economic Partnership Agreement nurses/nurse candidates. A thorough pre-arrival orientation should be provided for the nurse candidates to able them to make a well-informed choice.
进行一项系统评价，以了解在日本的接受过国外教育的护士的经历。
国外护士在东道国的经历及其面临的挑战在全球范围内已得到广泛研究。然而，尚无系统评价聚焦于在日本的接受过国外教育的护士的经历。
按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目指南进行系统文献综述。使用日本医学摘要协会、国立信息学研究所的引文信息、护理及相关健康文献累积索引和PubMed数据库进行文献检索。纳入标准为2013年至2020年间发表的用日语或英语撰写的研究文章。使用混合方法评估工具2018版进行质量评估。对选定的文章反复阅读，并提取相关内容并进行主题总结。
25项研究被选入该综述。产生的主题包括：（1）护士来日本的原因；（2）居住在日本的经济伙伴关系协定护士/护士候选人的经历和现状；（3）已回国护士的经历和现状。第二个主题分为四类：语言和沟通障碍、国家资格考试通过率低、适应工作场所和社会环境以及心理困扰。
在日本的外国护士即使回国后仍面临各种挑战和困难。解决这些问题可能会改善在日本的接受过国外教育的护士的福祉。
本次综述的结果凸显了政策制定者立即进行干预以改善当前对经济伙伴关系协定护士/护士候选人的支持系统的必要性。应为护士候选人提供全面的抵达前培训，以便他们能够做出明智的选择。
