Schmenger Anne, Krömker Volker
Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Microbiology, Faculty II, Hannover University of Applied Sciences and Arts, D-30453 Hannover, Germany.
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Section for Production, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Vet Sci. 2020 Nov 3;7(4):170. doi: 10.3390/vetsci7040170.
The control of clinical mastitis on dairy farms is an essential part of animal health management. Knowledge of the causative microorganisms, the cure rates achievable in the field and essential associated factors are crucial for proper control. The objectives of the present study were to characterize clinical mastitis cases in Germany and to analyze factors influencing cure rates and the recurrence rate. Milk samples of every clinical mastitis case occurring on 12 participating farms were examined cytomicrobiologically. Post-treatment quarter samples were taken after 14 and 21 days. Treatments were performed according to existing farm protocols. Of 2883 clinical mastitis cases, the most prevalent pathogens were (.) (20.2%) and coliforms (11.6%). In 35% of the milk samples, no bacteriological growth was detected. The overall bacteriological cure rate was 73.3%, while the cytological cure rate was 22.3%, the full cure rate 21.4% and the recurrence rate 18.8%. Regarding the pathogen distribution of severe mastitis, coliform bacteria were detected in 30.5% of the cases, whereas was detected in 26.5% thereof. The results show that severe mastitis is caused almost as frequently by Gram-positive as by Gram-negative microorganisms. The low cytological cure rates show that the therapy needs to be further developed with regard to calming the inflammation. The obtained data can be very helpful in assessing internal mastitis scenarios and the effect of measures and therapies.
奶牛场临床型乳腺炎的防控是动物健康管理的重要组成部分。了解致病微生物、实际可达到的治愈率以及相关的关键因素对于有效防控至关重要。本研究的目的是对德国的临床型乳腺炎病例进行特征描述，并分析影响治愈率和复发率的因素。对12个参与研究的农场发生的每一例临床型乳腺炎病例采集牛奶样本进行细胞微生物学检查。治疗后14天和21天采集乳房样本。治疗按照农场现有方案进行。在2883例临床型乳腺炎病例中，最常见的病原体是（.）（20.2%）和大肠菌群（11.6%）。在35%的牛奶样本中未检测到细菌生长。总体细菌学治愈率为73.3%，细胞学治愈率为22.3%，完全治愈率为21.4%，复发率为18.8%。关于重度乳腺炎的病原体分布，在30.5%的病例中检测到大肠菌群，其中26.5%检测到（.）。结果表明，重度乳腺炎由革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌引起的频率几乎相同。细胞学治愈率较低表明，在缓解炎症方面治疗方法需要进一步改进。所获得的数据对于评估乳腺炎的内部情况以及措施和治疗的效果非常有帮助。
