VetPath Study Group, CEESA, 168 Av. de Tervueren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium; Bayer Animal Health GmbH, Leverkusen, Germany.
VetPath Study Group, CEESA, 168 Av. de Tervueren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium; Vétoquinol SA, Lure, France.
Vet Microbiol. 2018 Jan;213:73-81. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.11.021. Epub 2017 Nov 21.
VetPath is an ongoing pan-European antimicrobial susceptibility monitoring programme collecting pathogens from diseased cattle, pigs and poultry not recently treated with antibiotics. Non-duplicate milk samples were collected from cows with acute clinical mastitis in nine countries and 934 isolates were obtained during 2009-2012 for subsequent antimicrobial susceptibility testing in a central laboratory. CLSI broth microdilution methodology was used, and where available, MICs were interpreted using CLSI approved veterinary-specific (ceftiofur) otherwise human clinical breakpoints. Among Escherichia coli (n=207) and Klebsiella spp., (n=87), resistance was moderate to tetracycline and high to cephapirin (E. coli only) whereas resistance to other β-lactam antibiotics was very low (ceftiofur) to low (amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cephalexin, cephalonium). The MIC of enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin was 0.03 and 0.06μg/mL respectively (E. coli) with 0.5% strains displaying higher MICs. Staphylococcus aureus (n=192) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS; n=165) strains were susceptible to most antibiotics tested except to penicillin (25.0 and 29.1% resistance), respectively. Three S. aureus and seven CNS strains were oxacillin-resistant and harboured mecA. Streptococcus uberis strains (n=188) were susceptible to the β-lactam antibiotics although 35.6% were penicillin intermediately susceptible, and 20.2% were resistant to erythromycin, 36.7% to tetracycline. For Streptococcus dysgalactiae (n=95) the latter figures were 13.7 and 56.8%, respectively. For most antibiotics, the percentage resistance among E. coli, S. aureus and S. uberis was comparable to that of the VetPath 2002-2006 survey. This current, expanded VetPath study shows that mastitis pathogens were susceptible to most antibiotics with exceptions of staphylococci tested against penicillin and streptococci against erythromycin or tetracycline. This work highlights the high need to set additional clinical breakpoints for antibiotics frequently used to treat mastitis.
VetPath 是一个正在进行的泛欧抗菌药物敏感性监测计划，从最近未使用抗生素治疗的患病牛、猪和家禽中收集病原体。在 2009 年至 2012 年期间，从 9 个国家患有急性临床乳腺炎的奶牛中采集了非重复的牛奶样本，并从中获得了 934 株分离株，随后在中央实验室进行了抗菌药物敏感性测试。采用 CLSI 肉汤微量稀释法，在可用的情况下，使用 CLSI 批准的兽医专用（头孢噻呋）或人类临床断点解释 MIC。在大肠杆菌（n=207）和克雷伯氏菌属（n=87）中，对四环素的耐药性为中度，对头孢匹林（仅大肠杆菌）的耐药性为高度，而对其他β-内酰胺类抗生素的耐药性非常低（头孢噻呋）至低（阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢氨苄、头孢噻肟）。恩诺沙星和马波沙星的 MIC 分别为 0.03 和 0.06μg/mL（大肠杆菌），有 0.5%的菌株显示更高的 MIC。金黄色葡萄球菌（n=192）和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CNS；n=165）对大多数测试的抗生素敏感，除了青霉素（分别为 25.0%和 29.1%的耐药性）。3 株金黄色葡萄球菌和 7 株 CNS 菌株对苯唑西林耐药，且携带 mecA。无乳链球菌株（n=188）对β-内酰胺类抗生素敏感，尽管 35.6%的青霉素中介敏感，20.2%的红霉素耐药，20.2%的四环素耐药。对于停乳链球菌（n=95），后两个数字分别为 13.7%和 56.8%。对于大多数抗生素，大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和无乳链球菌的耐药率与 VetPath 2002-2006 调查相当。当前，VetPath 的这项扩展研究表明，乳腺炎病原体对大多数抗生素敏感，但金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素和链球菌对红霉素或四环素的耐药性除外。这项工作突出表明，非常有必要为经常用于治疗乳腺炎的抗生素制定额外的临床断点。
