Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
Department of Management, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
Cogn Emot. 2021 Mar;35(2):341-355. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2020.1840965. Epub 2020 Nov 5.
Experiencing mixed emotions, a combination of two oppositely-valenced emotions, has been shown to reduce bias in decision making and improve the accuracy of judgements made. However, most previous research has been limited to laboratory-based experiments. In this pre-registered study, we looked at mixed emotions and judgements in the naturalistic context of watching sport during the FIFA world cup. 80 participants reported on mixed emotions before and after each England game during the World Cup, and made score predictions for each game, collecting a total of = 480 observations. We used a lagged-effect design and multilevel modelling to analyse the data. We found that participants who felt more mixed emotions at the end of a match made significantly more likely score predictions in the following match, indicating that experiencing stronger mixed emotions subsequently predicted more reasonable judgements. This result was supported even after controlling for a number of affective, attitudinal, and socio-demographic variables. This provides evidence that naturally occurring mixed emotions are related to improved real-world judgements. The evidence is discussed through the lens of fantasy realisation theory, and the importance of feeling mixed during decisions involving puzzling or uncertain outcomes is emphasised.
体验混合情绪，即两种相反情绪的混合，已被证明可以减少决策偏见，提高判断的准确性。然而，大多数先前的研究都局限于实验室实验。在这项预先注册的研究中，我们观察了在观看世界杯足球赛的自然环境中混合情绪和判断。80 名参与者在世界杯期间的每场英格兰比赛前后报告了混合情绪，并对每场比赛进行了比分预测，共收集了 480 次观察结果。我们使用滞后效应设计和多层次模型来分析数据。我们发现，在一场比赛结束时感觉情绪更复杂的参与者在下一场比赛中做出比分预测的可能性显著增加，这表明经历更强烈的混合情绪随后预测出更合理的判断。即使在控制了许多情感、态度和社会人口统计学变量后，这一结果仍然成立。这一结果通过幻想实现理论的视角进行了讨论，并强调了在涉及困惑或不确定结果的决策中感到混合情绪的重要性。
